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tDOUQLAS 
LibKAKy 


Presented  by 


FROM  PAPERS   OF 
W.C.   BRIAN   TUNSTALL, 
LONDON  SCHOOL  OF  ECONOMICS, 
THROU04  -mE  KINDNESS   OF 
DR.   D.M.   SCHURMAN,   R.M.C. 
APRIL,   1985 


Queen's  University  at  Kingston 


speciAL 
coLLecxrioNs 

t)OUQLAS 
Lil3RAKy 


queeN's  UNiveRsir:^ 

AT  klNQSrON 

kiNQSTON     ONTARiO     CANADA 


KILLING 

N  O 

MURDER: 

Briefly  Difcourfed 

In  Three  Questions. 

i 

By  Col.  Titus,  ^/i^j  Willi  am  Allen. 

Afid  all  the  People  of  the  Land  rejoyeedy  and  the  City 
was  quiet  after  that  they  had  jlain  Athaliah  with 
the  Sword*    2  Chron.  xxiii.  21. 

Nozv  after  the  Time  that  Amaziah  did  turn  away 
from  following  the  Lord,  they  made  a  Confpiracy 
againfi  him  in  Jerufalem,  and  he  fled  to  Lachifh : 
But  they  fent  to  Lachilh  after  him,  and  flew  bim 
there.    2  Chron.  xxv.  27. 

L  0  N  "D  0  N: 

Re-printed  in  the  Year  M.DC.LXXXIX. 


To  his  H  I  G  H  N  E  s  s 

OLIVER  CROMWELL: 

May  it  pleafeyour  Higbnefs, 

HO  W  I  have  fpent  (bme  hours  of  the  kifjre  your  Highnefs  has  been 
plea  fed  to  give  mc,  this  following  Paper  \vill  give  your  Highnefs  an 
account ;  how  you  will  pleafe  to  interpret  it  I  cannot  tell,  but  I  can 
with  Conhdence  fay,  my  intention  in  it  is,  to  procure  your  Highrefs  that 
Jufticc  no  body  yet  does  you,  and  to  lee  the  People  fee  the  longer  they  defer 
it,  the  greater  Injury  they  do  both  themfelves  and  you.  To  }our  Highnefs 
julUy  belongs  the  Honor  of  Dying  for  the  People  ;  and  it  cannot  choofe  but  be 
an  unfpeakable  Confolation  to  you  in  the  lail  moments  of  your  Life,  to  con- 
Cder,  with  how  much  benefit  to  the  World  )  oa  are  like  to  leave  it.  'Tis  then 
only  Cmy  Lord)  the  Titles  you  now  ufurp  will  be  truly  yours,  you  will  then 
be  indeed  the  Deliverer  ofyour  Country,  and  free  it  from  a  Bondage  little 
inferior  to  that  from  which  Mof^s  deliver'd  his :  You  will  thee  be  that  True 
Reformer,  which  you  would  now  be  thought;  Religion  fhall  be  then  reftored. 
Liberty  afferted,  and  Parliaments  have  thofe  Priviledges  they  have  fought 
for  :  We  fhall  then  hope  that  other  Laws  will  have  place  befides  thofe  of  the 
Sword»  and  that  Jurtice  (hall  he  otherwife  defined,  than  the  Will  and  Plcafure 
of  the  llrongeft ;  and  we  Ihall  then  hope  Men  will  keep  Oaths  again,  and  not 
have  the  neceffity  of  being  falfe  and  perfidious  to  preferve  themfelves,  and  be 
like  their  Rulers:  All  this  we  hope  from  vour  Highnefs  happy  Expiration, 
who  are  the  true  Father  of  your  Country  ;  for  while  you  live,  we  can  call  no- 
thing ours  and  it  is  from  your  Death  that  we  hope  for  our  Inheritances  :  Let 
this  Coniideration  arm  and  fbrtifie  your  Highnefs's  Mind  againft  the  Fears  of 
Death,  and  the  Terrors  ofyour  evil  Confcience,  that  the  Good  you  will  do 
by  your  Death,  will  fomewhat  ballance  the  Evils  ofyour  Life.  And  if  in 
the  black  Catalogue  of  High  Malefa(n:ors,  few  can  be  found  that  have  lived 
more  to  the  Affliftion  and  Dillurbarce  of  Mankind,  than  }our  Highnefs 
hath  done  ;  vet  your  greatefi:  Enemies  will  not  deny,  but  there  are  likewife 
as  few  that  have  expired  more  to  the  univerfal  Benefit  of  Mankind,  than 
your  Highnefs  is  like  to  do.  To  hallen  this  great  good  is  the  chief  End  of 
my  writing  this  Paper,  and  if  it  have  the  Eftefls  I  hope  it  will,  your  High- 
nefs will  quickly  be  out  of  the  reach  of  Mens  Malice,  and  your  Enemies  will 
only  be  able  to  wound  you  in  your  Memory,  which  Strokes  vou  will  not  reel. 
That  your  Highnefs  maybefpeedily  in  this  Security,  is  the  ur.iverfil  ^ilhes 
ofyour  grateful  Country  ;  this  is  the  Defire  and  Prayers  of  the  Good  and  of 
the  Bad,  and  it  may  be,  is  the  only  thing  wherein  all  Sefts  and  F.iftions  do 
agree  in  their  Devotions,  and  is  our  only  Common  Prayer.  But  among  '  all 
that  put  in  their  Requel^s  and  Supplicaciors  for  your  Highnefs  fpsedy  deliver- 
ance from  all  earthly  Troubles,  none  is  more  afllduous  nor  more  fervent 
than  he,  that  with  the  reft  of  the  Nation  hath  the  Honor  Xo  be  C  May  it  pleafe 
your  Highnefs^ 

Tour  fftgbnefi's  frejent  SJave  and  Vajjal, 

W.  A, 

A   2 


To  all  thofe  Officers  and  Soldiers  of  the  Army, 
that  remember  their  Engagements^  and  dare 
be  honeft. 

I  Heartily  mfifor  England's /a^  that  your  Nnmher  may  he  far 
greater  then  I  fear  it  is  •,  aytdthat  his  Highvefs's  frequent  Furga- 
tions  may  have  left  any  amongfl  yoii^  that  by  thefe  CharaBers  are 
concerned  in  this  Dedication.     That  I  and  all  Men  have  reafon  t(y 
wake  this  a  doubts  your  own  ABions,  as  well  as  your  tame  S^iffcri^gs^ 
do  but  too  plainly  wanifejl.     For  you,  that  were  the  ChamfioV.s  of  pur 
Liberty,  and  to  that  ptrpofe  were  raifed^  are  not  you  become  tMTn- 
jlruments  of  our  Slavery  ?  And  your  Hands,  that  the  People  employed 
to  take  off  the  Tokefrom  our  Necks,  are  not  thofe  the  very  Hands 
that  710W  do  pit  it  on  >  Do  you  remember  that  you  were  rdifcd  to  de- 
fend the  Privileges  of  Parliament ,  and  have  Sworn  to  do  it  •  and  wilt 
you  be  imj)loyed  to  force  EleBioiis,  and  dijfolve  Parliaments,  hscaufe 
they  will  not  eJiabUJI)  they  Tra7it^s  Iniquity,  and  our  Slavery  by  a 
Law  ?  ibfeech  you,  think  u^on  what  you  have promifed,    and  what 
you  do,  and  give  not  Pcjlerity,  as  well  as  your  own  Generation,  the 
occajion  to  mention  you  with  infamy,  and  to  curfe  that  unfortunate 
Valour  and  Succefs  of  yours,  that  only   hath  gained  ViBories    (as 
you  vfe  them)  againjl  the  Common-lV'ealth.    Could  ever  England 
have  thought  to  have  feen  that  Army,  that  was  never  mentioned  with- 
out the  Titles  of  Religious,  Zealous,  Faithful^  Couragious,  the  Fence 
of  her  Liberty  at  home,  the  Terror  of  her  Enemies  abroad,  become 
her  Goalers  ?  Not  her  Giurd,  hut  her  Ovpreffors  ?  Not  her  Soldiers 
hut  a  Tyrant's  Executiojiers,  drawing  to  Blocks  and  Gibbets  all  that 
dare  be  honejler  than  themfelves  ?  This  you  do,  and  this  you  are  •,  nor 
can  you'ever  redeem  your  own  Honour,  the  Trujf  and  Love  of  your  Coun- 
try, the  Eflimation  of  brave  Men,  or  the  Prayers  of  good,  if  you  let 
■not  fpeedily  the  fforld  fee  you  have  been  deceived  •  which  they  will  only 
then  believe,  when  they  fee  your  Vengeance  upon  his  faithlefs  Head 
ihat-dii  it  :  This  if  you  defer  too  long  to  do^  you  will  jijtd  too  late  to 
attempt,  and  your  Repentance  will  neither  vindicate  you,  nor  help 
lis.    To  let  you  fee  you  may  do  this  as  a  lawful  ABion,  and  to  per- 
fwadeyou  to  it  as  a  glorious  one,  is  the  principal  intent  of  this  fol- 
lowing Paper  :  Which,   whatever  EffeBs  it  hath  upon  you,  Ifhall  not 
absolutely  fail  of  my  Ends  ;^  for  if  it  excites  not  your  Virtue  and  Cour- 
age, it  will  yet  exprobrate  your  Cowardife  and  Bafenefs.     This   is 
from  one  that  was  once  one  amon^  yoVy  ani  will  befo  agaitiy  vben 
j/on  ian  bs  as  yon  were. 


CO 


Killing  no  Murder,  Sec. 

IT  is  not  any  Ambition  to  be  in  Print,  when  fo  few  fpare 
Paper  and  the  Prefs,   not  any  Inftigations  of  private 
Revenge  or  Malice  (tho  few  that  dare  be  honeft  now 
want  their  caufesj  that  have  prevailed  with  me  to  make 
myfelfthe  Author  of  a  Pamphlet,  andtodifturb  that 
Quiet  which  at  pefent  I  enjoy,  by  his  Highnefs's  great  Fa- 
vour and  Injuftice.    Nor  am  I  ignorant  to  how  little  purpofe  I 
Ihall  employ  that  time  and  pains,  which  I  {hall  beftow  upon 
this  Paper. "  For  to  think  that  any  Reafons  or  Perfwalions  of 
mine,  or  Convictions  of  their  own,  fhall  draw  Men  from  any 
thing  wherein  they  fee  Profit  or  Security,  or  to  any  thing 
wherein  they  fear  Lofs,  or  fee  Danger,  is  to  have  a  better  Opi- 
nion both  of  myfelf  and  them,  than  either  of  us  both  deferve. 
Beiides,  the  Subjed  it  felf  is  of  that  nature,  that  I  am  not 
only  to  expeft  danger  from  ill  Men,  but  cenfure  and  difallow- 
ance  from  many  that  are  good  •,  for  thefe  Opinions  only  look'd 
upon,  not  looked  into  f which  all  have  not  Eyes  for  j  will  ap- 
pear bloody  and  cruel  *,  and  thefe  compellations  I  mufi:  expect 
from  thofe  that  have  a  Zeal,  but  riot  according  to  knowledg. 
If  therefore  I  had  confide  red  my  felf,  I  had  fpared  whatever 
this  is  of  pains,  and  not  diftafted  fo  many,  to  pleafe  fo  few 
as  are  in  Mankind  (the  honeft  and  the  wife.)    But  at  fuch  a 
time  as  this,  when  God  is  not  only  exercifing  us  with  a  ufual 
and  common  Calamit}'-,  of  letting  us  fall  into  Slavery  that 
11  fed  our  Liberty  f  j  ill  •,  but  is  pleafed  fo  far  to  blind  our  Uiv- 
derftandings,  and  to  debafe  our  Spirits,  as  to  fuffer  us  to  court 
our  Bondage,  and  to  place  it  amongftthe  Requefb  we  put  up 
to  him  ^  Indignation  makes  a  Man  break  that  filence  that  Pru- 
dence would  perfwade  him  to  ufe  ^  if  not  to  work  upon  other 
Mens  Minds,  vet  to  eafe  his  own. 

A  late  Pamphlet  tells  us  of  a  great  Defign  (Hfcovered  againft 
the  Perfon  of  his  Highnefs,  and  of  the  Parliament's  coming  (for 
fo  does  that  Junto  profaneirhat  Namej  to  congratulate  with  his 
Highnefs,  his  happy  Deliverance  from  that  wicked  and  bloody 
Attempt.  Befides  this,  that  they  have  ordered  that  God  Al" 
flighty  Ihallbe  mpckM  with  a  Day  of  Thankfgiving(as  I  think 

the 


CO 

the  world  is  with  the  Plot)  and  that  the  People  {hall  give  pub- 
lick  Thanks  for  the  publick  Calamity,  that  God  is  yet  pleafed 
to  continue  his  Judgments  upon  them,  and  to  fruftrate  all  means 
that  are  ufed  for  their  Deliverance.  Certainly  none  will  now 
deny  that  the  Englifti  are  a  very  thankful  People.  But  I  think 
ifwe  had  read  in  Scripture  that  the  Ifraelites  had  cried  unto  the 
Lord,  not  for  their  own  Deliverance,  but  the  Prefervation  of 
their  Task-Mafters,  and  that  they  had  thanked  God  with  Solem- 
nity that  Foardoh  was  yet  living,  and  that  there  was  ftill 
great  hopes  of  the  daily  encreafe  of  the  number  of  their  Bricks: 
Tho  that  People  did  fo  many  things,  not  only  impioufly  and 
prophanely,  but  ridiculoully  ard  abliirdly  •,  yet  certainly  they 
did  nothing  we  {hould  more  have  wjnderedat,  than  to  have 
found  them  ceremonioufly  thankful  tn  God  for  Plagues,  that 
were  common^  y  fo  brutifhly  unthankful  for  Mercies  ^  and  we 
Ihould  have  thought  that  Mojh  had  done  them  a  great  deal  of 
wrong,  if  he  had  not  fuffered  them  to  enjoy  Slavery,  and  left 
them  to  their  Tasks  and  Garlick. 

I  can  with  Juftice  fay,  my  principal  intention  in  this  Paper 
is  not  to  declaim  againft  mv  Lord  VroteBor  or  his  Accomplices  •, 
for  were  it  not  more  to  juftifie  others  then  to  accufe  them,  I 
ftiould  think  their  own  Actions  did  that  work  fufficiently,  and 
I  {hould  not  take  pains  to  tell  the  World  what  they  knew  be- 
fore •,  my  de{ign  is,  to  examin  whether  if  there  hath  been  fuch 
a  Plot  as  we  hear  of,  and  that  it  was  contrived  by  Mr.  Shider' 
combe  againft  my  L.  VroteBor^  and  not  by  my  L.  ProteBor  a- 
gainft  Mr.  Sindercofnbe  fwhich  is  doubtfulj  whether  it  de- 
ferves  thofe  Epithets  Mr.  Speaker  is  pleafed  to  give  it,  of 
bloody,  wicked,  and  proceeding  from  the  Pfince  of  Darknefs. 
I  know  very  well  how  uncapable  the  Vulgar  are  of  confidering 
what  is  extraordinary  and  lingular  in  every  Cafe,  and  that 
they  judg  of  things,  and  name  them  by  their  exterior  ap- 
pearances, without  penetrating  at  all  into  their  Caufes  or  Na- 
tures :  And  without  doubt  when  they  hear  the  ProteBor  was 
to  be  killed,  they  {trait  conclude  a  Man  was  to  be  murthered, 
not  a  MalefaftOT  puni{hed :  For  the}'"  think  the  Formalities 
do  always  make  them  the  things  themfelves,  and  that  'tis 
the  Judg  and  the  Crier  that  makes,  the  Juftice,  and  the  Goal 
the  Criminal.  And  therefore  when  they  read  in  the  Pamphlet 
Mr.  Speaker'^  Speech,  they  certainly  think  he  gives  thefe  Plot- 
ters their  right  Titles,  and,  as  readily  as  a  HighCourt  of  Ju{l;ice, 

they 


C  3  ) 

they  condemn  them,  without  ever  examining  whether  they  i 

wouldhave  killed  aMagiftrate,  or  deftroy'd aTyrant,  over  wh  m  | 

every  Man  is  naturally  a  Judge  and  an  Executioner,  and  whom  I 

the  Laws  of  God,  of  Nature,  and  of  Nations  expofe,  like  Beafts  j 

of  Prey,  to  be  deftroyed  as  they  are  met.  ! 

That  I  may  be  as  plain  as  I  can,  I  ihall  firft  make  it  a  quef-  I 

tion  (  which  indeed  is  none  )  Whether  my  Lord  ProteBor  be  a  " 

Tyrant  or  not  ?  Secondly,  if  he  be.  Whether  it  is  lawful  to  do  • 

Juftice  upon  him  without  Solemnity,    that  is,  to  kill  hhn  ? 
Thirdly,  If  it  be  lawful.  Whether  it  is  likely  to  prove  profita-  ^ 

fcle  or  noxious  to  the  Common-Wealth  ?  _  lufl  Qusfim-^ 

The  Civil  Law  makes  Tyrants  of  two  forts  ^  Tynvinmfne  Tz-  | 

tiilo,  and  Tyra7imis  Exerchio :  The  one  is  called  a  Tyrant  be-  ^ 

caufe  he  has  no  Right  to  govern  •,  the  other  becaufe  he  governs 
Tyrannically.    We  will  briefly  difcourfe  of  them  both,  and  fee  ■  | 

whether  the  VroteBor  may  not  with  great  Juftice  put  in  his 
claim  to  both  Titles. 

We  {hall  fufficiently  demonftrate  who  the}^  are  that  have 
not  a  Right  to  govern,  if  wefhew  who  they  are  that  have  -,  and 
what  it  is  that  makes  the  Power  juft,  which  thofe  that  rule 
have  over  the  natural  Liberty  of  other  Men.  To  Fathers  with- 
in their  private  Families,  Nature  hath  given  a  Supreme  Power. 
Every  Man,  fays  Arifloth  *,  of  Right  governs  his  Wife  and  Chil-  *  Tol  I.i.  c. 
dren-,  and  this  Power  was  necefTarily  exercifed  ^  every  where,  ^  Csn  34.2^ 
whilft  Families  lived  difperfed,  '^  before  the  Conftitutions  of  "^  ^?-;y?.  ibu 
Common-Wealths  ^  and  in  many  places  it  continued  after,  as 
appears  by  the  Laws  of  Solon^  and  the  moft  ancient  of  thofe  of 
'Rome,    And  indeed,  as  by  the  Laws  of  God  ^  and  Nature,  the  ^  i  Tim  5. 
Care,  Defence  and  Support  of  the  Family  lies  upon  every  Man 
whole  it  is  •,  fo  by  the  fame  Law,  there  is  due  unto  every  Man 
from  his  Family  a  Subjedtion  and  Obedience,  in  compeiifation 
of  that  fupport.    But  feveral  Families  uniting  themfelves  to- 
gether to  make  up  one  Body  of  a  Common-Wealth,  and  being 
independent  one  of  another,  without  any  natural  Superiority 
or  Obligation,  nothing  can  introduce  amongftthem  a  difparity 
of  Rule  and  Subjeftion,  but  fome  Power  that  is  over  them, 
which  Power  none  can  pretend  to  have  but  God  andthemfelvesj 
Wherefore  all  Power  which  is  lawfully  eiercifed  over  fuch  a 
Society  of  Men  (which,  from  the  end  of  its  inftitution,  we  call  a 
Common-Wealth  j  muft  necelTaril)^  be  derived  either  from,  the  ViL  Hoohr, 
appointment  of  God  Almighty,  who  is  Supreme  Lord  of  all  Bctkf,  Toil 
andeverypart,  or  from  the  confent  of  the  Society  it  felf,  who  ^-  »0' 

have 


(4) 

have  tKe  next  Power  to  his,  of  difpofing  of  their  ovvn  Liberty 
as  they  fhall  think  fit  for  their  own  good.  This  Power  God 
hath  given  to  Societies  of  Men,  as  well  as  he  gave  it  to  par- 

'-  Exod.  21. 5,ticular  '  Perfons,  and  when  heinterpofes  not  his  own  Autho- 
rity, and  appoints  not  himfelf  who  {hall  be  his  Vicegerents, 
and  rule  under  him  •,  he  leaves  it  to  none  but  the  People  them- 
felves  to  make  the  Eleftion,  whofe  benefit  is  the  end  of  all 
Government.  Nay,  whenhe  himfelf  hath  been  pleafedto  appoint 
Rulers  for  that  People,  which  he  was  pleafed  particularly  to 
own  •,  he  many  times  made  the  Choice,  but  left  the  Confirma- 
tion and  Ratification  of  that  Choice  to  the  People  themfelves. 

'  I  Sam.to.i'So  Saiil^  \va.s  chofenby  God,  and  anointed  King  by  his  Prophet, 

^  f  Sam  12.2.  jjut  made  King  by  all  the  People  at  Gllgal  ^    David  was  an- 
I  Sam.  1(5.  ojj^^eji  j^iijg  h  by  the  fame  Prophet ;,  but  was  afterwards,  after 

'  2  Sam.  2.  4.  'S'^"^'s  Death,  confirmed  by  the  People  of  jf-uda  \  and  feven 

^  2  sam.'j.  3!  Years  after  by  the  Elders  of'  Ifrael^  the  Peoples  Deputies,  at 
Chehron :  And  it  is  obfervable,  that  tho  they  knew  that  David 
was  appointed  King  by  God  and  anointed  by  his  Prophet,  yet 
they  likewife  knew  that  God  allov/ed  to  themfelves  not  only 
his  Confirmation,  but  likewife  the  Limitation  of  his  Power  j 

a  Sam.  5. 5.  for  before  his  Inauguration  they  made  a  League  ^  with  him  ; 
that  is,  obliged  him  by  Compact  to  the  performance  of  fuch 
Conditions,  as  they  thought  nectlTary  for  the  fecuring  their  Li- 
berty. Nor  isitlefs  remarkable,  that  when  God  gives Dire6tions 
to  his  People  concerning  their  Government,  he  plainly  leaves 
the  Form  to  themfelves :  For  he  fays  not,  wlien  thou  fhalt 
have  come  into  the  Land  which  the  Lord  thy  God  gives  thee, 

"  Viut  1-  Statues  fvperteRegem-^  hnt.  Si"' dlxeris  fiaUiajn.  God  fays  not, 
14,  '  ^*  Thouflialt  appoint  a  King  over  thee:  But  if  thou  (halt  fay, 
I  will  appoint  •,  leaving  it  to  their  choice,  whether  they  would 
fay  fo  or  no.  And  it  is  plain  in  t]iat  place,  that  God  g^ives  the 
People  the  choice  of  their  King,  for  he  there  inftrudls  them 
whom  they  fhall  choofe,  E  meiiofratnm  tuonim,  one  out  of  the 
midft  of  thy  Brethren  -,  much  more  might  we  fay,  if  it  were  a 
lefs  manifeft  Truth,  that  all  juft  Power  of  Government  is  found- 
ed upon  thefe  twoBafes,  of  God's  immediate  Command,  orthe 
Peoples  Confent.  And  therefore,  v/hofoever  arrogates  to  him- 
felf that  Power,  or  any  part  of  it,  that  cannot  produce  one  of 
thefe  two  Title?,  is  not  a  Ruler,  but  an  Invader,  and  thofe 
that  are  fubjeft  to  that  Pcwcr,  are  not  governed,  but  opprcft. 

This  being  conlidered,  have  not  the  People  o^Etigh'ni  much 
reafon  to  ask  the  VrotsUor  this  Qucftion  ^  ^ns  covjiituit  te  vi- 

rvm 


(  5  ) 

rum  pnncipem  &  judksm  fitp^r  7ws  I  Who  made  thee  a  Prince 
anda  Judg-cver  us?  If  God  made  thee,  make  it  manifeft  to 
us  :  If  the  People,  Where  did  we  meet  to  do  it  >  Who  took  our 
tSubfcriptions  >  To  whom  deputed  we  our  Authority  ?  And 
when  and  where  did  thofe  Deputies  make  the  Choice  ?  Sure 
thefe  Interrogations  are  very  natural,  and,  I  believe,  would 
much  trouble  his  Highnefs's  Council,  and  his  Junto  to  anfw^er. 
In  a  word,  that  I  may  not  tire  my  Reader  (who  will  not  want 
Proofs  for  what  I  lay,  if  he  wants  not  Memory)  If  to  change  the 
Government,  without  the  Peoples  Confent  :  If  to  dilTolve 
their  Reprefentatives  by  fr  rce,  and  difannul  their  Acts :  If  to 
give  the  name  of  the  Peoples  Reprefentatives  to  Confederates 
of  his  own,  that  he  may  eftablifh  Iniquity  b}''  a  Law;  If  to  take 
away  Mens  Lives  out  of  all  courfe  of  Law,  by  certain  Mur- 
therers  of  his  own  appointment,  whom  he  names  A  High  Court 
ofjiijlke:  If  to  decimate  Mens  Eftates,  and  by  his  own  Pow- 
er to  impofe  upon  the  People  what  Taxes  he  pleafes  •,  and  to 
maintain  all  this  by  f^rce  of  Arms:  If,  1  fay,  all  this  does  m.ake 
a  Tyrant,  his  own  Impudence  cannot  deny  but  he  is  as  compleat 
a  one,  as  ever  hath  been  fince  there  have  been  Societies  of  }»Ien. 
He  that  hath  done,  and  does  all  this,  is  the  Perfon  for  whofe 
Prefervation  the  People  oiEiighni  muft  pray-,  but  certainly  if 
they  do,  'tis  for  the  fame  rcafon  that  the  old 'Woman  ciSyracufe 
pray'd  f:r  the  long  Life  of  the  Tyrant  Dmiyfius,  left  the  Devil 
ihould  come  next. 

Now,  if  inftead  of  God's  Command,  or  the  Peoples  Confent, 
his  Highnefs  hath  no  other  Title  but  Force  and  Fraud,  which 
is  to  want  all  Title  :  And  if  to  violate  all  Laws,  and  propofe 
none  to  rule  by,  but  thofe  of  his  own  Will,  be  to  exercife  that 
Tfranny  he  hath  ufurp'd,  and  to  make  his  Adrainiftration  con- 
formable to  his  Claim  •,  then  the  firft  Queftioii  we  propofed  is 
a  Queftion  no  longer. 

But  before  we  come  to  the  fecond,  being  things  are  more 
cafilv  perceived  and  found  by  the  defcription  of  their  exterior 
Accidents  and  Qualities,  than  the  defining  their  Effences  -.  It  will 
not  be  amifs  to  fee,  whether  his  Highnefs  hath  not  as  well  the 
outward  Mark  and  Charaders  by  which  Tyrants  are  known, 
as  he  hath  their  Nature  and  Effentlal  Properties :  W^hethei*  he 
hath  not  the  Skin  of  the  Lien  and  Tail  of  the  Fox,  as  well  as 
he  hath  the  Violence  of  the  one  and  Deceit  of  the  other.  New 
in  this  Delineation  which  I  intend  to  make  of  a  Tyrant  all  the 

B  Linea- 


(6) 

Lineaments,  all  the  Colours,  will  be  found  fo  naturally  to  cor- 

refpond  with  the  Life,  that  it  cannot  but  be  doubted,  whether 

his  Highnels  be  the  Original  or  the  Copy-,  whether  I  have  in 

drawing  the  Tyrant  reprefented  him  •,  or  in  reprefenting  him,  ei- 

prell  a  Tyrant :  And  therefore  left  I  ihould  be  fufpeded  to  deal 

unfincerely  with  his  Highnefs,  and  not  to  have  applyed  thefe 

T^eMarhs  of  a  ioWow'mg  Charaaers,  but  made  them,^  I  fhall  not  give  3^ouany 

■v^anf.  Arift.Qf  j^y  Q^vj-i  ftamping,  bat  fach  as  I  find  in  Flato,  Artflotle^Tacitus^ 

VidMach!*an^^isHighners's  ovfn  Evangelijl,  Machiavel 

H\cor.  lib.  1,  cap.  4c. 

J.  Almoft  all  Tyrants  have  been  firft  Captains  and  Generals 

tor  the  People,  under  pretences  of  vindicating  or  defending  their 

«   Liberties.    Ut  im^erum  evertant  Libertatejn  prefenint-^  cvm  per^ 

An  lib.  T.  vertenint^  ipfam  aggreiimiUir -^  fays  "Taczti/i,  Tofubvert  the  pre- 

ietn  alibi c£.{qx\x.  Government,  they  pretend  Liberty  for  the  People-,  when 

''%V^r^^''i  the  Government  is  down,  they  then  invade  that  Liberty  them- 

'o^nTprl    felves :  This  needs  no  Application. 

^xuntur,  nee  quifquamalitnam  fervitium,  'i$  Dcfninationem  fibi  cmcupivit,  tit  noneaiemific 
ocabula  ufurparet. 

^ach.  Difcor.     2.  Tyrants  accomplifh  their  Ends  much  more  by  Fraud  than 

:b.  2.  cap. 1 3.  jTQj-ce.     Neither  Virtue  nor  Force  ("fays  Machiavel)  °  are  fo  ne- 

//  priac  e.g.  ^^^^^  ^0  t^^^t  parpofe,  as  vna  AJiutia  forUimta,  a  lucky  Craft  -, 

Difc  lib.  2.  which,  fays  he,  p  without  Force,  has  been  often  found fufficient, 

*P-.  *5-       but  never  Force  without  that.  And  in  another  place  '^  he  tells  us 

Prtacc.  iS'^i^gjj,  yj^^j  is  Aggirare  Icervelli  de  gli  Jmojtiim  con  Ajhitia^  &c. 

With  cunning  plaufible  Pretences  to  impofe  upon  Mens  Under- 

ftandings,  and  in  the  end  they  mafter  thofe  that  had  fo  little 

Wit  as  to  rely  upon  their  Faith  and  Integrity.      _  ^ 

'Tis  but  unnecefTary  to  fay,  that  had  not  his  Highnefs  had  a 
faculty  to  be  fluent  in  his  Tears,  and  eloquent  in  his  Execrati- 
ons ;  Had  he  not  had  fpongy  Eyes,  and  a  fupple  Confcience  ^ 
and  befides,  to  do  with  a  People  of  g^eat  Faith  but  little  Wit;  His 
Courage  and  the  reft  of  his  Moral  Virtues,  with  the  help  of  his 
Janizaries,  had  never  been  able  fo  far  to  advance  him  out  of  the 
reach  of  Juftice,  that  we  {hould  have  need  to  call  for  any  other 
hai'rd  to  remove  him,  but  that  of  the  Hangman. 

■5.  They  abafe  all  excellent  Perfons,  and  rid  out  of  the  way 

all  that  have  noble  Minds.  £t  terr&  flips  extoUunt,  and  advance 

Sons  of  the  Earth. 

/irSfi  Vol.        To  put  Anjiotle  into  other  words,  They  purge  both  Parlia- 

.  5.  c.  II*.    ment  and  Aimy,  liU  they  leave  few  or  none  there,  that  have 

either 


(7) 

either  Honor  or  Confcience,  either  Wit,  Intereft,  or  Courage  to 
oppofe  their  Defigns.  And  m  thefe  Purgations  (faith  Plato) 
Tyrants  do  quite  contrary  to  Phyficians  •,  for  they  purge  us  of 
our  Humours,  but  Tyrants  of  our  Spirits. 

4.  They  dare  fuffer  no  AfTcmblies,  not  fo  much  as  Horfe-  | 
Races.  | 

5.  In  all  places  they  have  their  Spies  and  Dilators,  that  is,  -^ 
they  have  their  Fleetwoods,  their  Braiighah,  their  St.  Johns,  f  be-  ^ 
fides  innumerable  fmall  Spies)  to  appear  difcontented  and  not  to 

lide  with  them  ^  that  under  that  difguife  they  m.ay  get  truft, 

and  make  difcoveries.    They  likewile  have  their  EmilTaries  to 

fend  with  forged  Letters.    If  any  one  doubt  this,  let  him  fend  ^ 

to  Major  General  Brown,  and  he  will  fatisfy  him.  £ 

6.  They  ftir  not  without  a  Guard,  nor  his  Highnefs  without  y 
his  Life-Guard.        . 

7  They  impoverifh  the  People,  that  they  may  want  the 
Power,  if  they  have  the  AVill,  to  attempt  any  thirg  againft  ^ 

them.    His  Highnefs  way  is  by  Taxes,  Excife,  Decimation,  &c. 

8.  They  make  War  to  divert  and  bufie  the  people,  and  befides  ^rij}.  ibid,  ^ 
to  have  a  pretence  to  raife  Moneys  and  to  make  new  Levies,  ^^fj'^y.-^^^'^r^ 
they  either  diftruft  their  old  forces,  or  think  them  not  fufficient.  pf^^l  deRet^ 
The  War  with  Sp^in  ferveth  his  Highnefs  to  this  Purpofe ;  and  Ub.  9.  ^ 
upon  no  other  Juftice  was  it  begun  at  -firft,  or  is  ftill  continued.   Id.  ibid. 

9.  They  will  feem  to  honor  and  provide  for  good  Men  :  that  ^"^'  ^^^^'  ^ 
is.  If  the  Minifters  will  be  Orthodox  and  Flatter  -,  if  they  will 

wreft  and  torture  the  Scripture  to  prove  his  Government  law- 
ful, and  furnifh  him  with  Titles  -,  his  Highnefs  will  likewife 
be  then  content  to  underftand  Scripture  in  their  favour,  and 
furnilh  them  with  Titles. 

10.  Things  that  are  odious  and  diftaftflil  they  make  others  Machiev.  Fi'^ 
Executioners  of-,  and  when  the  People  are  difcontented,  they  ^^?'  '9-  ^ 
^ppeafe  them  by  facrificing  thofe  Minifters  they  implo}''.  I  .  J 
leave  it  to  his  High nefs's  Major-Generals,  to  ruminate  a  little  ^Jj'^'^^^/^j  ^ 

^•L -  •     .  ^  '  aids.   And  .^ 

upon  this  point.  ^^^^^r,^     ^ 

things  themfelves.     But  thai  I  omit ;  for  J  really  am  unprcvided  of  aninflance  for  bis  Higbnsj^ 
for  I  have  not  yet  heard  of  any  good  be  has  ions  bimfelf. 

c 

I  r.  In  all  things  they  pretend  to  be  wonderful  careful  cf  the 

Publick  •,  to  give  general  Accompts  of  the  Money  they  receive, 

^vliich  they  pretend  to  be  levied  for  the  maintenance  of  the  State,  Ariji,  ibia 

B  2  and 


(8) 

'\b  H^  ^^^  *^^  profecuting  of  the  War.  His  Highnefs  made  an  excel- 
^'^  Plif'i,  lent  Comment  upon  this  place  oiAnJioth^  in  his  Speech  to  this 
ftm.  Parliament. 

1 2.  All  thing?  fet  alide  for  Religious  Ufes  they  fet  to  fale  •, 
that  while  thofe  things  laft,  they  may  exad  the  lefs  of  the  Peo- 
ple.    The  Cavaliers  would  interpret  this  of  the  Dean  and 

[  Chapters  Lands. 

13.  They  pretend  Infpirations  from  Gods,  and  Refponfes 
from  Oracles,  to  authorize  what  they  do  ^  his  Highnefs  hath 
been  ever  an  Enthufiaft.  And  as  Hugh  Capet ^  in  taking  the 
Crown,  pretended  to  he  admonilh'd  to  it  in  a  dream  b3''St.  Valery 
and  St.  Richard 'j  fo  I  believe  will  his  Highnefs  do  the  fan^,  at 
the  Inftigation  of  S.  Henry  and  S.  Richard,  his  two  Sons. 

14.  Laftly,  Above  all  things  they  pretend  a  love  to  God  and 
'                Religion.    This  Arijiotle  calls  Artii&  'Xyramncaris,  potifjimam'^ 

the  fureft  and  beft  of  all  the  Arts  of  Tyrants  •,  and  we  all  know 

ifl  ojFyanc.  his  Highnefs  has  found  it  fo  by  experience.    He  hath  found  in- 

fd.  Ill,  5.  deed,  that  in  Godlinefs  there  is  great  gain-,  and  that  Preaching 

and  Praying ,  well  managed,  will  obtain  other  Kingdoms  as 

well  as  that  of  Heaven.  His  indeed  have  been  pious  Arms,  for 

he  hath  conquered  moft  by  thofe  of  the  Church,  by  Prayers  and 

?reces  C?  la-  ""  Tears.    But  the  truth  is,  were  it  not  for  our  Honor  to  be  go- 

m<e  funt    vemed  by  one  that  can  manage  both  the  Spiritual  and  Tempo- 

ma  Eakfia.  j,^j  Sword,  and  Roman  like,  to  have  our  Emperor  our  High  Prieft, 

we  might  have  had  Preaching  at  a  much  cheaper  rate,  and  it 

would  have  coft  us  but  our  Tithes,  which  now  coft  us  all. 

Other  Marks  and  Rules  there  are  mentioned  by  Arifiotle  to 
know  Tyrants  by  ^  but  they  being  unfuitable  to  his  Highnefs 
Actions,  and  impradicable  by  his  Temper,  I  inlift  not  on  them. 
?#;.1.5.c,ii.  As  among  other  things  ^  Arifiotle  would  not  have  a  Tyrant  in- 
folent  in  his  Behavicoir,  nor  ftrike  People.  But  his  Highnefs  is 
naturally  cholerick,  and  muft  call  Men  Rogues,  and  go  to  cuffs. 
At  laft  he  concludes  he  fliould  fo  fafliion  his  manners,  as  neither 
-  to  be  really  good,  nor  abfolutely  bad,  but  half  one  half  t'other. 
Now  this  half  good  is  too  great  a  proportion  for  his  Highnefs, 
and  much  more  than  his  Temper  will  bear. 

But  to  fpeak  Truths  more  ferioully,  and  to   conclude  this 

-firft  Queftion.    Certainly  whatever  thefe  Charafiters  make  any 

man,  it  cannot  be  denied  but  his  Highnefs  is  >,  and  then  if  he 

be  not  a  Tyrant,  we  muft  confefs  we  have  no  definition  nor  de- 

fcription  of  a  Tyrant  left  us,  and  may  well  imagine  there  is  no 

fuch 


i9  ) 

fuch  thing  in  nature,  and  that  'tis  only  a  notion  and  a  name.  ^ 

But  if  there  be  fuch  a  Beaft,  and  we  do  at  all  believe  what  we  i 

fee  and  feel,  let  us  now  enquire,  according  to  the  method  we  \ 

propofed,  whether  this  be  a  Beaft  of  Game  that  we  are  to  give  ^ 

Law  to,  or  a  Beaft  of  Prey  to  deftroy  which  all  means  are  al- 
lowable and  fair  ?  | 

In  deciding  this  Queftion  Authors  very  much  differ,  as  far  whaher  U  ,: 
as  it  concerns  fupreme  Magiftrates,  who  degenerate  into  ^y-laTvfuiiom, 
rants.    Some  think  they  are  to  be  borne  with  as  bad  *  Parents,  '^  ^y<^"^ ; 
and  place  them  in  the  number  of  thofemifchiefs "  that  have  no  ]f^V  l^^^'^t 
other  cure  but  our  x:)atience  :  others  think  they  m.ay  be  quef- ey^J  «*tf' 
tioned  by  that  fupreme  Law  of  the  Peoples  Safety,  and  that  they  ferls. 
are  anfwerable  to  the  Peoples  Reprefentatives  for  the  breach"  ^^^^^^^^'-^ 
of  their  truft.    But  none,  of  fober  fenfe,   make  private  Perfons  ^^-^-o^iJ^n  • 
Judges  of  their  Aftions .,  which  were  indeed  to  fubvert  all  Go-  ScT'Sr 
vernment.    But  on  tlie  other  fide,  I  find  none,  that  have  not     ' 
been  frighted  or  corrupted  out  of  their  reafon,  that  have  been 
fo  great  Enemies  to  common  Juftice  and  the  Liberty  of  Man-  | 

kind,  as  to  give  any  kind  of  Indemnity  to  a  Ufurper,  who  can  .7 

pretend  no  Title  but  that  of  being  ftronger,  nor  challenge  the  m 

Peoples  Obedience  upon  any  other  obligation  but  that  of  their  i 

neceihty  and  fear.     Such  a  Perfon,  as  one  out  of  all  bounds  of  ■ 

humane  Protedion,  all  Men  make  the  IJhmael^  w  againft  whom^<^e«.  16., 
is  every  mans  hand,  as  his  is  againft  every  man.     To  him  they  ^ 

give  no  more  fecurity,  than  Cnv,  his  Fellow-murtherer  and 
OpprefTor,  promifed  to  himfelf,  to  be  deftroyed  by  him  that 
found  him  fiift. 

The  reafon  why  a  Tyrant's  cafe  is  particular,  and  why  in 
•that  every  man  hath  that  Vengeance  given  him,  which  in 
other  cafes  is  refer v'd  to  God  and  the  Magiftrate,  cannot  be 
obfcure,  if  we  rightly  confider  what  a  Tyrant  is,  what  his  Crime?? 
are,  and  in  what  ftate  he  ftands  with  the  Commonwealth, 
and  with  every  Member  of  it.    And  certainly,  if  we  find  him 


<: 


an  Enemy  to  all  humane  Society,   and  Subverter  of  all  Laws,  r^ 

and  one  that  by  the  greatnefs  of  his  Villanies  fecures  himfelf  ^ 

againft  all  ordinary  courfe  of  Juftice  -,  we  ftiall  not  at  all  think 
It  ftrange,  if  then  he  have  no  benefit  from  humane  Society,  no 
proteaion  from  the  Law,  and  if,  in  his  cafe,  Juftice  difpenfes 
with  her  forms.  We  are  therefore  to  confider  that  the  end  for 
which  Men  enter  into  Society,  is  not  barely  to  live,  which 
they  may  do  dilperft,  as  other  Animals,  but  to  live  happily, 

and 

■  /  -1 


(  lo  ) 

and  a  Life  anfwerable  to  the  diginity  and  excellency  of  their 
land.  Out  of  Society  this  Happinefs  is  not  to  be  had  ;  for  fin- 
gly  we  are  impotent  and  defedive,  unable  to  procure  thofe 
things  that  are  either  of  neceiUty  or  ornament  for  our  Lives  ^ 
and  as  unable  to  defend  and  keep  them  when  they  are  acquired. 
To  remedy  thefe  Defects,  we  affociate  together,  that  what  we 
can  neither  enjoy  nor  keep  lingly,  by  mutual  benefits  and 
afliftances  one  of  another,  we  may  be  able  to  do  both.  We 
cannot  poflibly  accomplifh  thefe  ends,  if  we  fubmit  not  our  Paf- 
lions  and  Appetites  to  the  laws  of  Reafon  and  Juftice  •,  for  the 
depravity  of  Man's  Will  makes  him  as  unfit  to  live  in  Society, 
as  his  neceility  makes  him  unable  to  live  out  of  it  •,  and  if  that 
Perverfenefs  be  not  regulated  by  Laws,  Mens  Appetites  to  the 
fame  things,  their  Avarice,  their  Luft,  their  Ambition,  would 
quickly  make  Society  as  unfafe,  or  more,  than  Solitude  it  felf, 
and  we  fhould  affcciate  only  to  be  nearer  our  mifery  and  our 
ruin.  That  therefore  by  which  we  acompliih  the  Ends  of  a 
fociable  Life,  is  our  fubjection  and  fubmiifion  to  Laws  ^  thefe 
are  the  Nerves  and  Sinews  c  f  every  Society  or  Commonwealth, 
without  which  they  muft  neceffarily  diffolve  and  fall  afunder. 

tCivh.Del  And  indeed  (as  Aiigvflin  faysj  thofe  Societies  where  Law  and 
Juftice  is  not,  are  not  Commonwealth*  or  Kingdoms,  but  Magva 
Latrochtia,  Great  Confederacies  of  Thieves  and  Robbers:  thofe 
therefore  that  fubmit  to  no  Law,  are  not  to  be  reputed  in  the 
Society  of  Mankind,   which  cannot  conlift  without  a  Law  ; 

Pol  lib.  3.  therefore  ArifiotU  ^  faith.  Tyranny  is  againft  the  Law  of  Na- 

li*  ture,  that  is,  the  Law  of  humane  Society,  in  which  humane 

Nature  is  prefcrved.    For  this  reafon,  they  deny  a  Tyrant  to  be 
Partem  Cimtatu^  for  ever}^  part  is  fubjed  to  the  whole  •,  and  a 

lib.  3.  c.  8.  Citizen  ("fays  the  fame  Author  J  ^  is  he  who  is  as  well  obliged 
to  the  duty  of  obeying,  as  he  is  capable  of  the  power  of  com- 
maading  :  and  indeed  he  does  obey  whilft  he  does  command  -, 
that  is,  he  obeys  the  Laws,  which  (  fays  Tvlly)  Magijjratibiis 
pr&fiivt^  lit  Magijlratm  p'tzfmtt  populoj  are  above  the  Magiftrates, 
as  the  Magiftrates  arc  above  the  People.  And  therefore  a  Ty- 
rant that  fubmits  to  no  Law,  but  his  Will  and  Luft  are  the 
Law  bv  which  he  governs  himfelf  and  others,  is  no  Magiftrate, 
noCitizen,  or  Member  of  any  Society-,  but ''an  Ulcer  and  a  Difeafe 
that  deftroys  it  •,  and  if  it  be  rightly  confidered,  a  Common- 
weal th  by  falling  into  a  T3''rannY  abfolutely  lofes  that  name 
and  is  aftually  another  thing :  Non  eft  chitas  qv&  mius  eft  viri 

(fays 


(  lO 

(lays  Sophocles)  That  which  is  one  Man's  is  no  City.    For  there 
is  no  longer  King  and  People,  or  Parliament  and  People,  but 
thofe  Names  are  changed  fat  leaft  their  Natures'*  into  Mafters 
and  Servants,  Lord  and  Slaves  ^  and  Servors,  yion  Civitas  erit  fed 
magna  Familia  (fays  Grotius)  ^  Where  all  are  Slaves,  'tis  not  a  x  ^g  ^^r. 
City  but  a  great  Family :  and  the  truth  is,  we  are  all  Members  of  1.  ^  c  8. 
Whitehall^  and  when  our  Mafter  pleafeth,  he  may  fend  for  us 
thither,  and  there  bore  through  our  Ears  at  the  Dcor-pofts. 
But  to  conclude,  a  Tyrant,  as  we  have  faid,  being  no  part  of 
a  Commonwealth,  nor  fubmitting  to  the  Laws  of  it,  but  mak- 
ing himfelf  above  all  Law,  there  is  no  reafon  he  fhould  have 
the  Protection  that  is  due  to  a  Member  of  a  Commonwealth, 
nor  any  defence  from  Laws,  that  does  acknowledge  none.    He 
is  therefore  in  all  reafon  to  be  reckoned  in  the  number  of  thofe 
favage  Beafts,  that  fall  not  with  others  into  any  Herd,  that 
have  no  other  defence  but  their  own  Strength,  making  a  Prey 
of  all  that's  weaker,  and  by  the  fame  Juftice,  being  a  Prey  to 
all  that's  ftronger  than  themfelves. 

In  the  next  place,  let  it  be  coulidered,  that  a  Tyrant  making 
himfelf  above  all  Law,  and  defending  his  injuftice  b3''a  ftrength 
which  no  power  of  Magiftrates  is  able  to  oppofe,  he  becomes 
above  all  puniihm^nt,  above  all  other  juftice  than  that  he  re- 
ceives fiom  the  ftroke  of  fome  generous  aamd :  and  certainly 
thefafty  of  mankind  were  but  ill  provided  for,  if  there  v/ereno 
kind  of  juftict  t  -  reach  great  Villaaies,  but  Tyrants  fhould  be 
hnmunditie  Scelentm  twfi,  fecured  by  the  greatnefs  of  their 
Crimes.  Our  Laws  wo.dd  be  then  but  Cobwebs  indeed,  made 
only  to  catch  Flies,  but  not  to  hold  Wafps  or  Hornets  •,  and  it 
might  be  then  {aid  of  all  Commonwealths,  what  was  faid  of  ^4-  f 

them.  That  there  only  fmall  Thieves  where  hanged,  but  the 
great  ones  were  free,  and  condemned  the  reft.  But  he  that 
will  fecure  himfelf  of  all  hands,  muft  know  he  fecures  himfelf 
from  none ;  he  that  fties  Juftice  in  the  Court,  muft  expect  to 
find  it  in  the  Street  •,  and  he  that  2,oes  armed  againll  every 
man,  arms  every  man  againft  himfelf.  Belhim  eji  in  eos^  qui  jvdi- 
ciis  coeneri  nov  poffimt,  ffaTs  Cicero)  We  have  War  with  thofe 
againft  wK:m  we  can  have  no  Law.  The  fame  Author,  Cum 
duojijit  decertandi  gexera,  &c.  There  being  two  ways  of  decid- 
ing differences  the  one  by  Judgment  and  Arbitration,  the 
other  by  force  :,  the  one  proper  to  Men,  the  other  to  Beafts. 
We  muft  have  recourfe  to  the  latter,  when  the  former  cannot 

be 


■oi.de  ]ur.  be  obtaiiied.     And  certainly  by  the  Law  of  Nature,  w^i  c^/T^t 

d.h  I.  c.  S.judiciim,  when  no  Juftice  can  be  had,  every  Man  may  be  his 
own  Magiftrate,  and  do  Juftice  for  himfelf  -,  for  the  Law  ffays 
Ibid.  Groths)  that  forbids  me  to.  purfae  my  right  but  by  a  courfe  of 
LaA.^  certainly  fuppofes,  Ub'i  copia  efl  Jiidicii^  where  Law  and 
Juftice  is  to  be'had  ^  otherwife,  that  Law  were  a  defence  for  In- 
■  juries,  not  one  againft  them  ^  and  quite  contrary  to  the  nature 
of  all  Laws,  would  become  the  Protection  of  the  Guilty  againft 

sut,  17,  the  Innocent,  not  of  the  Innocent  againft  the  Guilty.  Now  as 
it  is  contrary  to  the  Laws  of  God  and  Nature,  that  Men,  who  are 
partial  to  themfelves,  and  therefore  unjuft  to  others,  ftiould  be 
their  own  Judges,  where  others  are  to  be  had  •,  fo  is  it  as  con- 
trary to  the  Law  of  Nature,  and  the  common  fafety  of  Man-, 
kind,  that  when  the  Law  can  have  no  place,  Men  {hould  be  for- 
bidden to  repel  Force  by  Force,  and  fo  be  left  without  all  de-^ 
fence  and  remedy  againft  Injuries.  God  himfelf  left  not  the 
Slave  without  remedy  againft  the  cruel  Mafter ;  and  what  Ana- 
logy can  it  hold  with  reafon,  that  the  Slave,  that  is  but  his 
Ma'fters  Money,  and  but  part  of  his  Houftiold-ftufF,  ftiould 
find  redrcfs  againft  the  Injuries  and  Infolences  of  an  imperious 
Mafter  •,  and  a  free  People,  who  have  no  Superiour  but  their 
God,  ftiould  have  iiojie  at  all  againft  the  Injuftice  and  Oppref- 

'  lion  of  a  barbarous  lyrant  >  And  were  not  the  Incongruity  full 

as  great,  that  the  Law  of  God  permitting  every  Man  to  kill  a 
Thief,  if  he  took  him  breaking  open  his  Houfe  i|i  the  night  -, 
becaufe  then  it  might  be  fuppofed  he  could  not  bring  him  to 
Juftice :  but  a  Tyrant,  that  is  the  common  Robber  of  Mankind, 
and  on  whom  no  Law  can  take  hold  on,  his  Perfon  fhould  be, 
SacrofavB,  ciii  vihil  Sacrum  aut  fan^wn^  to  whom  nothing  is  fa- 

[  cred,  nothing  inviolable !  But  the  Vulgar  jiidge  ridiculouly, 

like  themfelves :  the  glifter  of  things  dazle  their  Eyes,  and  they 
judge  of  them  by  their  Appearances,  and  the  Colours  that  are 
put  on  them.  For  what  can  be  more  abfurd  in  Nature,  and  con- 
trary to  all  common  Senfe,  than  to  call  him  Thief,  and  kill 
him,  that  comes  alone,  or  with  a  few,  to  rob  me  •,  and  to  call 
him  Lord  Proteftor,  and  obey  him,  that  robs  me  with  Regiments 

^.  '2t .       and  Troops  ?  As  if  to  rove  with  two  or  three  Ships  were  to  be  a 
pirate,  but  with  fifty,  an  Admiral  >  But  if  it  be  the  number  of 
Adherents  only,  not  the  Caufe,  that  makes  the  difference  be- 
tween a  Robber  and  a  Protestor :  I  wifti  that  number  were  de- 
fined, that  we  might  know  where  the  Thief  ends,  and  the  Prince 

begins  ^ 


C  «3  )  ,  jj 

begins,  and  be  able  to  diftingui{h  between  a  Robbery  and  a 
Tax.  But  fure  no  EvgliJImian  can  be  ignorant,  that  it  is  hisBirth- 
right  to  be  Mafter  of  his  own  Eftate,  and  that  none  can  com- 
mand any  part  of  it  but  by  his  own  Grant  and  Confent,  either 
made  exprelly  by  himfelf,  or  virtually  by  a  Parliament.  All 
other  ways  are  mere  Robberies  in  other  names-,  Aiiferre,^^-  '^'i-  2.^ 
Tnicidare,  Rapere^  falfis  vomivibns  m^eriim,  atque  uhi  folitiidhem  ~ 

facixPnt^  pacem  appellant  •,  To  rcb,  to  extort,  to  murder  Tyrants  ^ 

falfly  call'd  to  govern,  and  to  make  Defolation,  they  call  to 
fettle  Peace;  in  every  AffefTment  we  are  robb'd  •,  the  Excife 
is  Robbery  -,  the  Cuftoms  Robbery  ^  and  without  doubt,  when- 
ever 'tis  prudent,  'tis  always  lawful  to  kill  the  Thieves,  whom 
we  can  bring  to  no  other  Juftice  :  and  not  only  lawful,  and  to  | 

do  our  felves  right,  but  glorious,  and  to  deferve  of  Mankind,  | 

to  free  the  World  of  that  common  Robber,  that  univerfal  Pirate,  r*:/f.  in  g 
nnder  whom,  and  for  whom,  the  lefTer  Beafts  prey  This  Fire-  Vit.  Agric, 
brand  I  would  have  any  way  extinguidi'd  •,  this  Ulcer  I  would 
have  any  hand  to  lance  :  and  I  cannot  doubt  but  God  will  fud- 
denlv  fandifie  fome  hand  to  do  it,  and  bring  down  that  bloody 
'  and  "deceitful  man,  who  lives  not  only  to  the  mifery,  but  the 
infamy  of  our -Nation. 

I  {hou!d  have  reafon  to  be  much  lefs  confident  of  the  Juftice 
of  this  Opmion,  if  it  were  new,  and  only  grounded  upon  Col- 
lections and  Interpretations  of  my  own.  But  herein,  if  i  am 
deceived,  I  ihall  however  have  the  Excufe  to  have  been  drawn 
into  that  Error,  by  the  Examples  that  are  left  us  by  the  greateft 
and  moft  vertuous,  and  the  Opinions  of  the  wifeft  and  graveft 
Men,  that  have  left  their  Memories  to  pofterity.  Out  of  the 
great  plenty  of  Confirmations  I  could  bring  for  this  Opinion 
from  Examples  and  Authorities,  I  (hall  feleft  a  very  few  •,  for 
manifeft  Truths  have  not  needof  thofe  Supports^  and  I  have 
as  little  mind  to  tire  my  felf  as  my  Reader. 

Firft  therefore,  A  Ufurper,  that  by  only  Force  poflelTeth  him- 
felf of  Government,  and  bv  Force  only  "keeps  it,  is  yet  in  the 
ftate  of  War  with  every  Man,  fiiys  the  Learned  Grotim :  and 
therefore  ever}^  thing  is  lawful  againft  him,  that  is  lawful  a- 
gainfb  an  open  Enemy,  wh^m  every  private  Man  hath  a  Right  ^^  ;„  M 
to  kill,  tiojlh  hoflem  occUere  vohi,  fays  Sc&voU  to  Porfemjib  i.  cj 
when  he  was  taken,  after  he'had  failed  in  his  attempt  to  kill-t»^-^'^- 
him-,  lam  an  Enem3^  and  an'  Enemy  I  would  have  killed j 

which  every  Man  hath  a  Right  to  do. 

C  Contra 


(  H)        ' 

Contra  nublicos  hojies,  &  Majejtath  reos,  omms  homo  nnUs  ejf^ 
■  (Tays  Tertullian)  Againft  common  Enemies,  and  thofe  that  are 
Traitors  to  the  Common-Wealth,  every  Man  is  a  Soldier  -.  This 
Opinion  the  moft  celebrated  Nations  have  approi^ed  both  by 
their  Laws  and  Practices.  The  Grecians  (as  Xeiiophon  tells  us  ) 
who  fuffered  not  Murderers  to  come  into  their  Temples,  in 
thofe  very  Temples  they  erected  Statues  to  thofe  that  kiU'd  Ty- 
rants, thinking  it  fit  to  place  their  Deliverers  amongft  •their 
Gods.    Cicero  was  an  Eye-witnefs  of  the  Honors  that  were 

0  Mihne.  ^^^^  f^^]^  yien^  Gr&ci  homines,  &c.  The  Greeks  (faith  he)  at- 
tribute the  Honors  of  the  Gods  to  thofe  that  killed  Tyrants  -. 
What  have  I  feen  in  Athens  and  other  Cities  of  Greece '  what 
Religion  paid  to  fuch  Men  1  What  Songs  1  What  Elogies  1  By 
which  they  are  confe crated  to  Immortality,  andalmoft  deifi'd  1 

it.  in  Solon.  In  Athens,  by  Solon's  Law,  Death  was  not  only  decreed  for  the 
T3''rant  that  opprefs'd  the  State,  but  for  all  thofe  that  took  any 

et  hisHigh  Charge,  ^  or  did  bear  any  Office  while  the  Tyranny  remained. 

rk  iS^    ^^^^  Plato  tells  us,  the  ordinary  Courfe  they  took  with  Tyrants 

■Repub.'l.^  in  Greece :  If  ( fays  he)  the  Tyrant  cannot  be  expuls'd  by  accuf-^ 

Fubiic.  -  ing  him  to  the  Citizens,  then  by  fecret  Practices  they  difpatch 
him. 

Amongft  the  Romans  the  Valerian  Law  -was,  fi  qiiis  injuffu 
popili,  &c,  Whofoever  took  Magiftracy  upon  him,  without  the 
Comm.and  of  the  People,  it  was  lawful  for  any  Man  to  kill  him. 
Flutarch  makes  this  Law  more  fevere,  Ut  ijjjndicatim  occidere 
eiim  liceret,  qui  dominatim  concvpifceret.  That  it  was  lawful  by 
-  that  Law,  before  an}^  Judgment  paft,  to  kill  him  that  but 
afpired  to  Tyranny.  Likewife  the  Confular  Law,  which  was 
made  after  the  fuppreffion  of  the  Tyranny  of  the  Decemvirate, 
made  it  lawful  to  kill  an)^  Man  that  went  about  to  create 
Magiftrates,  fine  rrovocatt07te,  &c.  Without  Reference  and  Ap- 
peal to  the  People.  By  thefe  Laws,  and  innumerable  Tefti- 
monies  of  Authors,  it  appears,  that  the  Romajis,  with  the  reft 
of  their  Philofophy,  had  learned  fiom  the  Grecians,  what  was 
the  natural  Remedy  againft  a  Tyrant;  Nor  did  they  honor 
thofe  lefs  that  durft  apply  it.    Who  as  Folyhius  fays  (  fpeaking 

?  lib  6  ^^Confpiracies  againft  Tyrant?  j  were  not  Beterrimi  Civiiiw,  fed 
Gejierojiffiini  qiiiqne,  &  viasimi  Ar.imi  \  not  the  wnrft  and  mean- 
eft  of  the  Citizens,  but  the  moft  Generous,  and  thofe  of  great- 
eft  Virtue  :  So  were  moft  of  thofe  that  ccnfpired  againft  Jidius 
Cefar  •,  he  himfelf  ihcwght  Brut  us  worthy  tofucceedhimin  the 

Empire 


C  '5  )  , 

Empire  of  the  World.    And  Cicero,  who  had  the  Title  of  Pater 

PatrU  ^  if  he  were  not  confcious  of  the  Delign  ;  yet  he  at  leatl 

affeaed  the  Honor  of  being  thought  fo  :  ^is.   enim  res  un-  Philip.  2. 

quatn^  &c.  What  Act  (fays  he  )  O  Jupiter,  more  glorious !  more 

worth}'  of  eternal  Memory,  hath  been  done  not  only  in  this 

City,  but  in  the  whole  World  1  In  this  Befign,  as  the  Trojan 

Hoi  fe,  I  willingly  fuffer  my  felf  to  be  included  with  the  Princes. 

In  the  lame  place  he  tells  us  what  all  vertuous  Komavs  thought 

of  the  Fact  as  well  as  he  -Dynnes  boni,  qiuntim  in  i^jis  fiiit,  C&Ja- 

rem  occiderunt :  aliis  conjilium:  aliis  anitJius -.  aliis  occajio  defuit^ 

zioluntas  nemini :  All  good  Men  (  faith  he  )  as  much  as  lay  in 

them,  killed  CV/jr :  feme  wanted  Capacity-  fome  Courage  ^  0- 

thers  Opportunity  ^  but  none  the  Will  to  do  it.    But  yet  wt 

have  not  declared  the  extent  of  their  Severity  againft  a  Tyrant: 

They  expofed  him  to  Fraud,  as  well  as  Force,  and  left  him  no- 

fecuiity  in  Oaths  and  Ccmpaits  •,  that  neither  Law  ncr  Religion 

might  defend  him  that  violated  both.    Cum  Tyrar.iw  Roviann  nulla 

fles^mdhjuriijurandiReligio^^d.iXh  Bmtv sin Appian ;  with  aTyrant 

the  Romans  think  no  Faith  to  be  kept,  oblerve  no  Religion  of  ^^„- „  i.k  . 

an  C ^ath :  Seneca  gives  the  reaion,  ^na  quicquid  erat,  quo  vnhi  Dc  Beaef. 

coh&reret^  &c.  For  whatever  there  was  of  mutual  Obligation 

betwixt  us,  his  deftroying  the  Laws  of  human  Society,  hath 

diflolved-,  fo  thefethat  thought  that  there  was  in  hojlem  vefas^ 

that  a  Villany  might  be  commited  againft  an  Enemy  :  Thefe  ^-„ 

that  profefs'd,  Nonminusjufte  qiiayn  for  titer  anna  gerere^  toma-/i. ' 

nage  their  Arms  with  Jultice  as  well  as  Courage  :  Thefe  that 

thought  Faith  was  to  be  kept  even  with  the  perfidious  -,  ^  yet  *>  Reguiusqu 

they  thought  a  Tyrant  could  receive  no  Injuftice,  but  to  belet  ^^"i'**"  A^ 

live ',  and  that  the  moft  lawful  way  to  deftroy  him  ^vas  the  ^J^J^l; 

readieft,  no  matter  whether  by  Force  or  Fraud-,  for  againft  er,-. 4. 7' "% 

Beafts  of  Prey,  Men  ufe  the  Toyle  and  the  Net,  as  well  as  the  Mich.  Epbei\ 

Spear  and  the  Lance.  But  fo  great  was  their  deteftation  of  a  Ty-  "^  5-  •^^"*-  1 

rant,  that  it  made  feme  take  their  Opinions  frorti  their  Paiiions,  < 

and  vent  things  which  they  could  but  ill  juftifie  to   their  Mo-  ^s 

rality  •,  they  thought  a  Tyrant,  had  fo  abfolutely  forfeited  all  % 

Title  to  Humanity,  and  all  kind  of  Proteftion  they  could  give 

him  or  his,  that  they  left  his  Wife  without  any  other  Guard  for 

her  Chaftity  but  Age  and  Deformity  •,  and  thought  it  not  Adul-  , 

tery  what  was  committed  with  her.    Many  more  Teftimonies 

might  I  bring  -,  for  'tis  harder  to  make  choice  than  to  find  plenty. 

But  I  fhall  conclude  with  Authorities  that  are  much  more  au- 

thentick,  and  Examples  we  may  much  more  fafely  imitate. 

C  2  The  , 

J 


, '  Utique  nto"  The  Law  of  God  it  felf  decreed  certain  '^  Death  to  that  Man 
'  iiturviTilleyX\yax^ffo\\\^i^iO  prefumptuoufly,  and  fubmit  to  no  decifion  of 
^"'*  ^ ''•  ^^' Juftice.  Who  can  read  this,  and  think  a  Tyrant  ought  to  live  > 
But  certainly,  neither  that,  nor  any  other  Law  were  to  any 
effect,  if  there  were  no  way  to  put  it  in  execution.  But  in  a 
Tyrant's  Cafe,  Procefs  and  Citation  have  no  place,  and  if  we 
will  only  have  formal  Remedies  againft  him,  we  are  fure  to 
have  none.  There's  fmall  hopes  of  Juftice  where  the  Malefac- 
tor hath  a  Power  to  condemn  the  Jndg. 

All  remedy  therefore  againft  aTyrant  is  Ehud's  Dagger,  with- 
out which  all  our  Laws  were  fruitlefs,  and  we  helplefs.  This 
is  that  High  Court  of  Juftice  where  Mofes  brought  the  Egyptimr^ 
whither  Ehud  brought  Eglon  •,  Samfon  the  phiUJliytes  •,  Samji.l 
Agag  •,  and  Jehoiada  the  ihe-Tyrant  Athaliah. 
*  Let  us  a  little  confider  in  particular  thefe  feveral  Examples, 

and  fee  whether  they  may  be  proportioned  to  our  purpofe 
\  Firft,  as  to  the  Cafe  of  Mofes  and  the  Eg)ytian  :  Certainly 

I'l  every  Engliftiman  hath  as  much  Call  as  Mofes^  and  more  caufe 

.£xd.2.iT,i2.than  he,  to  flay  this  Egyptian  that  is  always  laying  on  Burthens, 
and  always  fmiting  both  our  Brethren  and  our  felves :  For  as 
to  his  Call,  he  had  no  other  that  we  read  of,  but  the  neceffity 
his  Brother  flood  in  of  his  help.  He  looked  on  his  Brethrens 
Burdens,  and  feeing  an  E,^.yptian  fmiting  an  Hebrew,  knowing  he 
was  out  of  the  reach  of  all  other  kind  of  Juftice,  he  Hew  him. 
Certainly  this  was  and  is  as  lawful  for  any  Man,  to  do,  as  it 
was  for  Mofes,  who  was  then  but  a  private  Man  and  had  no 
Authority  for  what  he  did,  but  what  the  Law  of  Nature  gives 
every  Man  •,  to  oppofe  Force  to  Force,  and  to  make  Juftice 
where  he  finds  none.  As  to  the  caufe  of  that  A6:ion,  we  have 
much  more  to  fay  than  Mofes  had  •,  he  faw  one  HebrcTP  fmitten, 
we  man)''  Englijlmen  murder'd-,  he  faw  his  3rethrens  Burdens 
and  their  Blows  •,  we  our  Brethrens  Burdens,  Imprifonments 
and  Deaths.  Now  fure  if  it  were  lawful  for  Mofes  to  kill  that 
Egyptian  that  opprefs'd  one  Man,  being  their  was  noway  to  pro- 
cure an  ordinary  courfe  of  Juflice  againft  him  •,  it  cannot  be  but 
^  vu  Et  abfurd  to  think  it  unlawful  to  kill  him  ^-  that  opprcHes  a  whole 
Ico've'rnador    Nation,  and  one  that  Juftice  as  little  reaches  as  it  defends. 

I  Chrifliano,  cap.  8.   pag.  40. 

The  Example  o^Ehitd  fhews  us  the  natural  and  almcft  the  on- 
ly remedy  againft  aTyrant,  and  the  way  to  free  an  oppreft  peo. 

pie 


uter 


(  '7) 
pie  from  the  Slavery  of  aninfulting  Moah'ue :  'tis  done  by  Pray- 
ers and  Tears,  with  the  help  of  a  Dagger,  by  '  crying  to  the  ^  ^^iq  _„ 
Lord,  and  the  left  hand  of  an  Ehud.    Devotion  and  A(Sion  go  ciuda^ano  n 
well  together  ^  for  believe  it,  a  Tyrant  is  not  of  that  kind  of^*  rentier  i 
Devil  that  is  to  be  caft  out  by  only  Fafting  and  Prayer  :  and  here^"^'''^'''  ^'' 
the  Scripture  fnews  us  what  the  Lord  thought  a  fit  meflage  toyudgx.^.y.i 
fend  a  Tyrant  from  hirafelf  •,  a  Dagger  of  a  Cubit  in  his  Belly  :  19.  20. 
and  every  worthy  man  that  defiies  to  be  an  Ehud,  a  Deliverer    v.  15. 
of  his  Country,  will  ftrive  to  be  the  MefTenger. 

We  may  here  likewife  obferve  in  this  and  many  places  of 
Judges^  that  when  the  Ifraelites  fell  to  Idolatry,  which  of  all 
Sins  certainly  is  one  of  the  greateft,  God  Almighty,  to  propor-  v  :o. 
tion  the  Punifliment  and  the  Offence,  ftill  delivered  them  into 
the  hands  of  Tyrants,  whicli  fure  is  one  of  the  greateft  of  all 
Plagues. 

In  the  Story  oiSavifon  'tis  manifeft,  that  the  denying  \i\m,juJg.  i 
his  Wife,  and  after  the  burning  her  and  her  Father  •,  which  tho 
they  were  great,  yet  were  but  private  Injuries,  he  took  for  fuffi- 
citnt  grounds  to  make  War  upon  the  Philiftines,  being  himfelf  ! 

but  a  private  N!an,  and  not  only  not  afllfted,  but  oppofed  by     v.   u.  j 
his  fervile  Country  men.    He  knew  what  the  Law  cf  Nature  ' 

allowed  him,  where  other  Laws  have  noplace,  and  thought  it  a 
fufRcient  juftification  for  fmiting  thePhiliftints  Hip  and  Thigh^ 
to  anfwer  for  himfelf  ^  that  as  they  did  unto  him  fo  had  he  done 
unto  them. 

Now  that  which  was  lawful  for  Sjw/om  to  do  a^ainft  many  Op-  j 

prelTors,  why  is  it  unlawful  for  us  to  do  againft  one  ?  Are  our 
Injuries  lefs  >  Our  Friends  and  Relations  are  daily  murther'd 
before  our  Faces ;  Have  we  other  ways  for  reparation  ?  Let  them 
be  named  and  I  am  filencM-.  Butif  we  have  none,  the  Fire-brands, 
or  the  Jaw-  bone,  the  firft  Weapons  our  juft  Fury  can  lay  hold  on,, 
may  certainly  be  lawfully  employed  againft  that  uncircumcifed 
Fhiliftine  that  opprefTes  us.  We  have  ^.o^  the  Oppofitions  and 
Difcouragements  that  S.nnfon  had,  and  therefore  have  the  more 
need  of  his  Courage  and  Rcfolution  :  As  he  had  the  Men  of  Ju-  y,  ,. 
dah,  fo  we  have  the  Men  of  Levi,  crying  to  us  out  of  the  Pulpit, 
as  from  the  top  of  the  Rock  Etajn,  Kmw  you  rot  that  the  PhUiJIine 
is  a  Ruler  over  you  ?  The  truth  is,  tliey  would  fain  make  him  fo, 
and  bind  us  with  Samfon  in  new  Cords,  but  we  hope  they  will 
become  as  Flax,  and  that  they  will  either  loofe  froraour  hands, 
OS  we  ftiall  have  the  Courage  to  cut  them. 

Upon 


(i8) 

'am,  15. 33.  Upou  the  fame  grounds  of  Retaliation  did  Sanniel  do  Juftice 
with  his  own  Hand  upon  X\\t  Tyrant  Agag  'r  As  thy  Srpord  f  fay  s 
the  Prophet)  hath  made  If  omen  chiUlefi^  fo  fiall  thy  Mother  be 
childlefs  among  Women.  Nor  is  their  any  Law  more  natural  and 
mosejuft. 

How  many  Mothers  has  our  Agag,  for  his  own  Ambition, 
made  childlefs  ?  How  many  Children  fatherlefs  ?  How  many 
have  thisreafon  to  hew  this  Amalekite  in  pieces  before  the  Lord> 
And  let  his  own  Relations,  and  all  theirs  that  are  Confederates 
with  him,  beware,  left  Men  come  at  laft  to  revenge  their  own 

;  Difeors,  Relations  in  them.  They  make  many  a  Woman  husbandlefs, 
and  many  a  Father  childlefs :  Their  Wives  may  come  at  laft  to 
knew  what  'tis  to  want  a  Husband,  and  themfelves  to  lofe  their 
Children.  Let  them  remember  what  theiic  greatApoftle  Ma- 
chiavel  tells  them  •,  That  in  Conteflations  for  the  preferving 
their  Liberty,  People  many  times  ufe  Moderation  •,  but  when  ^ 
they  come  to  vindicate  it,  their  Rigor  exceeds  all  mean,  like  . 
Beafts  that  have  been  kept  up,  and  are  afterwards  let  loofe, 
they  always  are  more  fierce  and  cruel. 

Kings c»  II,  Xo  conclude  with  the  Example  Jehoiada  hath  left  us  :  Six 
Years  he  hid  the  right  Heir  of  the  Crown  in  the  Houfe  of  the 
Lord,  and  without  all  doubt,  amongft  the  reft  of  God's  fervices 

Chron,  23.  there  he  was  all  that  time  contriving  the  Deftnjction  of  the  Ty- 
rant, that  had  afpired  to  the  Crown  by  the  dellrudtion  of  thofe 
that  had  the  Right  to  it.  Jehoiada  had  no  pretence  to  authorife 
this  A<3:ion,  but  the  equity  and  juftice  of  the  Ad:  it  felf :  He 
pretended  no  immediate  Command  from  God  for  what  he  did, 
nor  any  Authority  fiom  the  Sayihedrhn  ^  and  therefore  any  Man 
miyht  have  done  what  Jehoiada  did  as  lawfully,  that  could 
have  done  it  as  efpeaually  as  he.  Now  what  citation  was  given 
to  Athaliah,  what  appearance  was  ftie  call'd  to  before  any  Court 
of  Juftice  >  her  Fad  was  her  Tryal,  flie  was  without  any  ex- 

'i&^o«.23.i4poftulation  taken  forth  of  the  Ranges,  and  only  let  live  till  ftie 
got  out  of  the  Temple,  that  that  holy  Place  might  not  be  defi- 
led by  the  Blood  of  a  Tyrant,  which  was  fitter  to  be  ftied  on  a 
Dung-hill-,  and  fo  they  flew  her  at  the  Horfe-gate.  And  by  the 
King's  Houfe,  the  very  White-Hall  where  ftie  had  caufed  the 
Blood  Royal  to  be  fpilt,  and  which  her  felf  jiad  fo  long  unjuftly 
pofTefs'd,  there  by  providence  did  flie  receive  her  Punilhment, 
where  flie  had  a'£ted  fo  great  a  part  of  her  Crimes.  How  the 
People  approv'd  of  this  glorious  A(^ion  of  deftroying  a  Tyrant, 

this 


(  '9  )  _  ...  1 

2^ 


this  Chapter  tells  us  at  the  laft  Verfe  :  And  aU  the  people  of  thezChron.ii 
land  rejoiced^  and  the  City  was  quiet,  after  that  they  had  fain  Atha- 
liah  with  the  Sword.    And  that  it  may  appear  they  no  lefs  honor- 
ed the  Authors  of  fuch  Actions,  than  other  Nations  did  •  as 
in  his  life-time  they  obeyed  Jehoiada  as  a  King,  fo  after  his  2^^00,24. id 
peath,  for  the  good  he  had  done  in  Ifrael  (faith  the  Scripture  )  c 

they  likewife  buried  him  amongft  the  Kings.  ^  : 

I  muft  not  conclude  this  Story  without  obferving  that  Jehol-  Mr.  Sinder- 
«itf  commanded,  that  whofoever  followed  Athaliah  {bould  he  combe's  judi 
put  to  Death  ^  letting  us  fee  what  they  deferve  that  are  Con-  ^^^'"^{J 
federates  with  Tyrants,  and  will  fide  with  them,  and  but  "^V-fdcTof  tllPi 
pear  to  defend  them,  or  allow  them  :  His  Highnefs's  Counfel,  Point.  \ 
his  Junto,  and  the  Agaes  of  his  Janazaries,  may,  if  they  pleafe,  i 

take  notice  of  this,  and  repent,  left  they  likewife  perifh.  And  | 

likewife  his  Highnefs's  Chaplains,  and  Tryers,  who  are  to  ad- 
mit none  into  the  Miniftry  that  will  preach  Liberty  with  the 
Gofpel,  may,  if  they  think  fit,  obferve,  that  with  the  Tyrant 
fell  Mattan  the  Prieft  of  Baal,  And  indeed,  none  but  BttciVs 
Priefts  will  preach  for  Tyrants :  And  certainly  thofe  Priefts 
that  facrafice  to  our  Baa\  our  Idol  of  a  Magiftrate,  deferve  as 
well  to  be  hanged  before  their  Pulpits,  as  ever  Matten  did  to  2  Cl^on. 
fall  before  his  Altars.  23.  1^. 

I  {hould  think  now  I  had  faid  much  more  than  enough  to 
the  fecopd  Queftion,  and  {hould  come  to  the  third  and  laft  I 
propofed  in  my  Method  •,  but  I  meet  with  two  Objedions  lying 
in  my  \vay  :  The  firft  is,  That  thefe  Examples  out  of  Scripture  ObjiB.  i 
are  of  Men  that  were  infpired  of  God,  and  that  therefore  they 
had  that  Call  and  Authority  for  their  Actions,  which  we  can- 
not pretend  to,  fo  that  it  would  be  unfafe  for  us  to  draw  their 
Attions  into  Examples,  except  we  had  likewife  their  Juftifi- 
cations  to  alledg. 

The  other  Objeftion  is^  That  there  being  now  no  oppoiition  objeB.  : 
made  to  the  Government  of  his  Highnefs,  that  the  People  fol- 
lowing their  Callings  and  Traffickat  home  and  abroad,  making 
ufe  of  the  Laws  and  appealing  to  his  Highnefs's  Courts  of  Ju- 
ftice ;  That  all  this  argues  the  Peoples  tacit  Confent  to  the 
Government  ^  and  that  therefore  now  'tis  to  be  reputed  lawful, 
and  the  Peoples  Obedience  voluntary. 

To  the  firft  I  anfwer  with  learned  Milton,  that  if  God  com-  sol.  i. 
mand^d  thefe  things,  'tis  a  lign  they  were  lawful,  and  are  com- 
mendable.   But  fecondly,  As  I  obferved  in  the  relations  of  the 

Examples 


(    20  ) 

Examples  themfelves:  Neither  Sajnfon  nor  Samuel  alledged  any 
other  cauie  or  reafon  for  what  they  did,  but  Retaliation,  and 
the  apparent  Juftice  06  the  Aftions  themfelves.  IS  or  had  God 
appealed  to  Mofes  in  the  Buih  when  he  flew  the  Egyptian  -,  nor 
did  Jehoiada  alledg  any  Prophetical  Authority  or  other  Call  to 
do  what  he  did,  but  that  common  Call  which  all  ivien  have, 
to  do  all  Adtions  of  Juftice  that  are  within  their  power,  when 
the  ordinary  courfe  of  Juftice  ceafes. 

To  the  lecond  my  Ahwfer  is.  That  if  Commerce  and  Plead- 
ings were  enough  to  argue  the  Peoples  confent,  and  give  ly- 
ranny  the  name  of  Government^  there  was  never  yet  any  Ty- 
ranny of  mpny  Weeks  ftanding  iathis  World.  Certaiijly,  we 
then  extremely  wrong  Caligula  and  Nero  in  calling  them  Ty- 
rants, and  they  were  Rebels  that  confpired  againft  them  •, 
except  we  will  believe,  that  all  the  while  they  reigned,  that 
in  Rome  they  kept  their  Shops  {hut,  and  opened  not  their 
Temples,  or  their  Courts.  We  are  likewife  with  nolefsab- 
furdity  to  imagin,  that  the  whole  eighteen  Years  time  which 
Ifrael  ferved  jB^Zojf,  and  fix  Years  that  Athaliah  reigned,  that 
the  Ifraetites  quite  defifted  from  Traffick,  Pleadings,  and  all 
publick  Afts  •,  otherwife  Ehud  and  Jehoiada  were  both  Traitors, 
the  one  for  killing  his  King,  the  other  his  Qiieen. 

Having  ftiewn  what  a  Tyrant  is,  his  Marks  and  Praiflices, 
I  can  fcarce  perfwade  m}'"  felf  to  fay  any  thing  to  that  I  made 
my  third  Queftion,  Whether  the  removing  him  is  like  to  prove 
of  Advantage  to  the  Commonwealth  or  not  ?  for  methinks  'tis 
to  enquire  whether  'tis  better  the  Man  die  or  the  Impofthnme 
be  lanc'd,  or  the  gangreen'dLimb  be  cutoff?  But  yet  there  be 
feme  whofe  Cowardice  and  Avarice  furnifti  them  with  fome  Ar- 
guments to  the  contrary-,  and  they  would  fain  make  the  World 
believe,  that  to  be  bafe  and  degenerate,  is  to  be  cautious  and 
prudent  -,  and  what  is  in  truth  a  fervile  Fear,  they  falfly  call 
a  Chriftian  Patience.  It  will  not  be  therefore  amifs  to  make 
appear  that  there  is  indeed  that  neceifity  which  we  think  there 
is,  of  {aving  the  Vineyard  of  the  Commonwealth,  if  polhble, 
by  deftroying  the  wild  Boar  that  is  broke  into  it.  We  have  al- 
ready fliewecY  that  it  is  lawful,  and  now  we  lliall  fee  whether 
it  is  expedient.  Firft,  I  have  already  told  you.  That  to  be 
under  a  Tyrant  is  not  to  be  a  Commonwealth,  but  a  great 
Family,  confifting  of  Mafter  and  Slaves.  Vir  bonae^  fervonim 
viilla  eji  tmqmm  civitas,  fays  an  old  Poet,  A  number  of  Slaves 

make 


(    21    ) 

makes  not  a  City.  So  that  whilft  this  Monfter  lives,  we  are 
not  Members  of  a  GDmmonwealth,  but  only  his  living  Tools 
and  Inftruments,  which  he  may  employ  to  what  ufe  he  pleafes. 
Servi  tua  ejifortuva.  Ratio  ad  te  vihil,  fays  another  •,  Thy  con- 
dition is  a  Slave's,  thou  art  not  to  enquire  a  Reafoa  :  Nor  muft 
we  think  we  can  continue  long  in  the  condition  of  Slaves,  and 
not  degenerate  into  the  habit  and  temper  that  is  natural 
to  that  condition :  our  Minds  will  grow  low  with  our  Fortune, 
and  by  being  accuftomed  to  live  like  Slaves,  we  {hall  become 
unfit  to  be  any  thing  elfe.  Etiam  fera  ammalia  Jt  daiifa  teneas 
virtutis  oblivifaintur,  faysTjcft«5,  *  The  fierceft  Creatures,  hy  >■  ffifl,  lib.4.1 
long  conftraint,  lofe  their  Courage.  And  fays  Sir  Fr.  Bacon, 
The  bleifmg  of  IJfachar  and  that  of  J^hJ^^  falls  oot  upon  one 
People,  to  be  Alfes  crouching  under  Burdens,  and  to  have  the  i 

•Spirit  of  Lions.    And  with  their  Courage  'tis  no  wonder  if  they  ■ 

lofe  their  Fortune,  as  the  Effect  with  the  Caufe,  and  adt  as  ig- 
.nominioufly  abroad  as   they  fuffer  at  home.     'Tis  Machia-  I 

z^ePs  *  obfervation,  that  the  Roman  Armies  that  were  always  ^  Dkfors  f.  i; 
victorious  under  Confuls,  all  the  while  they  were  under  the  c.  24.  < 

flavery  of  the  Decemviri  never  profpered.  And  certainly  People  ^ 

have  reafon  to  fight  but  faintly,  where  they  are  to  gain  the  ( 

Viftorj  againft  themfelves  j  when  every  fuccefs  fhall  be  a  con- 
firmation of  their  Slavery,  and  a  new  link  to  their  Chain.  I 
But  we  Ihall  not  only  lofe  our  Courage,  which  is  a  ufelefs                  ^ 
and  uufafe  virtue  under  a  Tyrant,  but  by  degrees  we  {hall, 
after  the  example  of  our  Mafter,  all  turn  perfidious,  deceitful, 
irreligious,  flatterers,  and  whatever  elfe  is  villanous  and  in- 
famous in  Mankind.  See  but  to  what  degree  we  are  come  alrea- 
dy :  can  there  any  Oath  be  found  fo  fortified  by  all  religious 
Ties,  which  we  ealily  find  not  a  di{lin(Stion  to  break,  when 
either  Profit  or  Danger  perfuades  us  to  it  >  Do  we  remember 
any  Engagements,  or  if  we  do,  have  we  any  {hame  to  break                  ;; 
them  >  Can  any  Man  think  with  patience  upon  what  we  have                   ^ 
profeffed,  when  he  fees  what  we  wildly  do,  "and  tamely  fuffer  >                  i 
What  have  we  of  Nobility  amongft  us  but  the  name,  the  luxu-                  I 
ty,  and  the  vices  of  it  >  Poor  Wretches,  thefe  that  now  carry                  ^ 
that  Title,  are  fo  far  from  having  any  of  the  Virtues,  that                  | 
fiiould  grace  and  indeed  give  them  their  Titles,  that  they  have                  | 
not  fomuch  as  the  generous  Vices  that  attend  Greatnefs  ^  they                  | 
have  loft  all  Ambition  and  Indignation.    As  for  our  Minifters,  ^r.  Locker,  J 
^athave  they,os  indeed  defire  they,  of  their  Calling,  but  the  ^^-  f^'^^J"^  | 

D  Tithes  ?«/*  ''^"  ^"*l 

■I 


Tithes?  How  do  thefe  horrid  Prevaricators  fearch  for  diftinaions 
to  piece  contrary  Oaths  ?  How  do  they  rake  Scriptures  for  flat- 
teries, and  impudently  apply  them  to  his  monftrous  High- 
nefs  ?  What  is  the  City  but  a  great  tame  Beaft,  that  eats  and 
carries,  and  cares  not  who  rides  it  >  What's  the  thing  call'd  a 
Parliament,  but  a  mock  ?  compofed  of  a  People  that  are  only 
fuffered  to  lit  there  becaufe  they  are  known  to  have  no  virtue, 
after  the  Exclulion  of  all  others  that  were  but  fufpefted  to  have 
any  >  What  are  they  but  Pimps  of  Tyranny,  who  are  only  em- 
ployed to  draw  in  the  People  to  proftitute  their  Liberty  ?  What 
will  not  the  Army  fight  for  ?  what  \Afill  they  not  fight  againft  > 
What  are  they  but  Janizaries,  Slaves  thernfelves,  and  making 
all  others  fo  ?  What  are  the  People  in  general  but  Knaves,  Fopls, 
and  Cowards,  principled  for  Eafe,  Vice,  and  Slavery  ?  This  is 
our  Temper,  this  Tyranny  hath  brought  us  to  already  ^  and  if. 
it  continues,  the  little  Virtue  that  is  yet  left  to  ftock  the  Nation, 
Dffc.  1 3.  c.3,muft  totally  extinguifh  •,  and  then  his  Highnefs  hath  compleat- 
ed  his  Work  of  Reformation.    And  the  truth  is,  till  then  his 
Highnefs  cannot  be  fecure.  He  muft  not  endure  Virtue,  for  that 
will  not  endure  him.    He  that  will  maintain  Tyranny  muft 
* de^epuh.  ISMW  Bnttm,  fays  Machiavel.    A  Tyrant,  fays  Vlato,  '^muftdif- 
patch  all  vertuous  Perfons,  or  he  cannot  be  fafe  •,  fo  that  he  is 
brought  to  that  unhappy  neceflity,  either  to  live  amongft  bafe 
and  wicked  Perfons,  or  not  to  live  at  all. 
Pi(c,l,2x.  14.     Nor  muft  we  expert  any  cure  from  our  Patience  •,  Inxannoji 
gli  hiom'im,  fays  Machiavel^  credendo  con  la  humzlit  a  mncere  la 
fiiperbia.   Men  deceive  themfelves,  that  think  to  moUifie  Arro- 
gancy  with  Humility  •,  a  Tyrant  is  never  modeft  but  when  he 
is  weak  ^  'tis  in  the  winter  of  his  Fortune,  when  this  Serpent 
bites  not :  we  muft  not  therefore  fuffer  our  felves  to  be  cozened 
I  *  Tatit,  Gift,  with  hopes  of  his  Amendment  ^  for,  Nemo  mquam '  Imperum  fia- 
ii.  I.  gltio  quAfUm  hcnis  artibus  exercnit.  Never  did  any  Man  manage 

*  the  Government  with  Juftice,  that  got  it  by  Villany.    The 

longer  the  Tyrant  lives,  the  more  the  tyrannical  Humor  encrea- 
:idefi£pub,l^Ses  in  him,  fays  *  Plato,  like  thofe  Bcafts  that  grow  more  curft 
^  as  they  grow  old.    New  occalions  daily  happen  that  neceilitate 

them  to  new  Mifchiefs  ^  and  he  muft  defend  one  Villany  with 
M  another. 

H  But  fuppofe  the  contrary  of  all  this,  that  his  Highnefs  were 

m  Domimtionis  convtilfus,  &  mvtattts,  changed  to  the  better  by 

a  great  fortune  (ofwhich  he  ^ves  no  Symptoms  J  what  notwith- 

^  ftandiug 


(*3) 

Handing  could  be  more  miferable  than  to  have  no  other  fecur  i^ 
ty  for  our  Liberty,  no  other  Law  for  our  Safety,  then  the  Will 
of  a  Man,  though  the  moft  juft  living?  We  have  all  our  Beaft 
within  usj  and  whofoever  (^fays  ^  Arijlotle)  is  governed  by  a  e  po/./.^  c.i^ 
Man  without  a  Law,  is  governed  by  a  Man  and  by  a  Beaft,  a 

Btiam  Ji  mnjit  tnolejius  Do7Jihius  -,  tdmejt  efi  mtferrimum  ppji  velit,  | 

(  fays  ^  Tiilly )  Though  a  Mafter  does  not  tyrannize,  yet  'tis  a  ^  Ch,  ThiUI 
moft  miferable  thing  that  'tis  in  his  Power  to  do  fo  if  he  will. 
If  he  be  good,  fo  was  Nero  for  five  Years  •,  and  how  {hall  we 
be  fecure  that  he  will  not  change  :  Belides,  the  Power  that  is 
allowed  to  a  good  Man,  we  may  be  fure  will  be  claimed  and 
taken  by  an  ill  ^  and  therefore  it  hath  been  the  cuftom  of  good  ■  j 

Princes  '  to  abridge  their  own  Power,  it  may  be  diftrufting  them-  i  Lycurgusi 
felves,  but  certainly  fearing  their  SuccefTors,  to  the  chance  o^'^sopomp,  | 
*whofe  being  vertuous,  they  would  not  hazard  the  welfare  of^^"*-  "»-^Jj 
their  people.  An  unlimited  Power  therefore  is  to  be  trufted  to^*"^*  & 
none,  which  if  it  does  not  find  a  Tyrant,  commonly  makes  I 

one  ^  or  if  one  ufes  it  modeftly,  'tis  no  Argument  that  others  ■ 

will  •  and  therefore  Aiigujlus  C&far  muft  have  no  greater  Power  '  I 

given  him,  than  you  would  have  Tiberius  take.    And  *"  Cicero's  ^  VH.  Ora\ 
Moderation  is  to  be  trufted  with  a  Confideration,  that  there  are  ^^^^"J^  "* 
otherstobeConfulsaswellashe.  ^   ^  SuUufl,  con/ 

But  before  I  prefs  this  buiinefs  farther,  if  it  needs  be  any  far- 
ther preft,  that  we  fhould  endeavour  to  refcue  the  Honor,  the  ^ 
Virtue,  and  Liberty  of  our  Nation,  I  fhall  anfwer  to  fome  few 
Objedions  that  have  occurred  to  me.    This  I  fhall  do  very 
briefly. 

Some  I  find  of  a  ftrange  Opinion,  that  it  were  a  generous  and 
a  noble  Adion  to  kill  his  Highnefs  in  the  Field  ^  but  to  do  it 
privately  they  think  it  unlawful,  but  know  not  why  •,  as  if  it 
were  not  generous  to  apprehend  a  Thief,  till  his  Sword  were 
drawn,  and  he  in  a  pofture  to  defend  himfelf  and  kill  me.   But  -: 

thefe  People  do  not  confider  that  whofoever  is  poffeffed  of  Power  c 

any  time,  will  be  fure  to  engage  fo  many  either  in  Guilt  or  ^ 

Profit,  or  both,  that  to  go  about  to  throw  him  out  by  open  | 

force,  wiy  very  much  hazard  the  total  mine  of  the  Common-  /.-I 

wealth.  A  Tyrant  is  a  Devil  that  tears  the  Body  in  the  ex-  ^^J^^"' '« * 
orcifing-,  and  they  are  all  of  Ca\ig\(ia^s  Temper,  that  if  they 
could,  they  would  have  the  whole  frame  of  Nature  fall  with 
them.  'Tis  an  Opinion  that  deferves  no  other  Refutation  than 
themanifefl  abfurdity  of  it  felf  ^  that  itfhould  be  lawful  for 
me  to  deftroy  a  Tyrant  with  Hazard,  Blood,  and  Confufion,  but  ^ 

not  without.  D  2  Another  | 


( M ) 

Another  Objeftion,  and  more  common,  is  the  fear  of  what 
may  fucceed  if  his  Highnefs  were  removed.  One  would  think 
the  World  were  bewitched.  I  am  fallen  into  a  Ditch,  where  I 
{hall  certainly  perifti  if  I  lie  ^  but  I  refufe  to  be  helped  out,  for 
fear  of  falling  into  another :  I  fuffer  a  certain  mifery  for  fear 
of  a  contingent  one,  and  let  the  Difeafe  kill  me,  becaufe  their 
is  hazard  in  the  Cure.  Is  not  this  that  ridiculous  Policy,  Ne 
moriare,  mori.  To  dye  for  fear  of  dying.  Sure  'tis  frenzy  not 
to  deiire  a  change,  when  we  are  fure  we^cannot  be  worfe.  Et  mr. 
incvrrere  inpericnhj  iibi  qiiies  centi  paria  metmintury  and  not  then 
to  hazard,  when  the  danger  and  the  mifehiefs  are  the  fame  in 
lying  ftill. 

Hitherto  I  have  fpoken  in  general  to  all  EngVijfmen  •,  now  I 
addrefs  my  Difcourfe  particularly  to  thofe  that  certainly  beft  de- 
ferve  that  Name,  our  felves,  that  have  fought,  however  unfor- « 
tunately,  for  our  Liberties  under  this  Tyrant  •,  and  in  the  end, 
cozened  by  his  Oaths  and  Tears,  have  purchafed  nothing  but 
our  Slavery  with  the  price  of  our  Blood.  To  us  particularly  it 
belongs  to  bring  this  Monfter  to  Juftice,  whom  he  hath  made 
the  Inftruments  of  hisVillany,  and  {harers  in  theCurfe  and  De- 
teftation  that  is  due  to  himfelf  from  all  good  men  -.  others  only 
have  their  Liberty  to  vindicate,  we  our  Liberty  and  our  Honor. 
We  engaged  to  the  People  with  him,  and  to  the  People  for  him, 
and  from  our  Hands  they  may  juftly  expea  a  Satisfaaion  of  Pa- 
nilhment,  being  they  cannot  have  that  of  Performance.  What 
the  People'  at  prefent  endure,  and  pofterity  fhall  fuffer,  will  be 
all  laid  at  our  doors  •,  for  only  we,  under  God,  have  the  Power 
to  pull  down  this  Dagon  which  we  have  fet  up  :  and  if  we  do  it 
not,  all  Mankind  will  repute  us  Approvers  of  all  the  Villanies 
he  hath  done,  and  Authors  of  all  to  come.  Shall  we,  that  would 
not  endure  a  King  attempting  Tyranny,  fhall  we,  fuffer  a  pro- 
feft  Tyrant?  We  that  refilled  the  Lyon  affailing  us,  fhall  we 
fubmit  to  the  Wolf  tearing  us?  If  there  be  no  remedy  to  be  found, 
we  have  great  reafon  t6  exclaim,  Utinam  te  potius  (Carole)  retinu- 
ijfetnm  qxiam  hiinc  habmlfemus,  own  quod  iillajit  optavdafirvitus,  fed 
quod  ex  dignltate  Boviim  minus  turpis  eft  conditio  fervi^  We  wifh 
we  had  rather  endured  thee,  (  O  Charles )  than  have*been  con- 
demned to  this  mean  Tyrant  -,  not  that  we  deiire  any  kind  of 
Slavery,  but  that  the  quality  of  the  Mailer  fomething  graces  the 
ondiio  n  of  the  Slave, 

But 


(25) 

But  if  we  confider  it  rightly,  what  our  Duty,  our  Engage- 
ments, and  our  Honor  exadt  from  us,  both  our  Safety  and  our 
Intereft  oblige  us  to  •,  and  'tis  unanfwerable,  in  us,  to  Difcre- 
tion,  as  'tis  to  Virtue,  to  let  this  Viper  live  *.  for  firft,  he  knows 
very  well  'tis  only  we  that  have  the  power  to  hurt  him,  and 
therefore  of  us  he  will  take  any  courfe  to  fecure  himfelf :  he  is 
confcious  to  himfelf  how  falfly  and  perfidioufly  he  hath  dealt 
with  us  ^  and  therefore  he  will  always  fear  that  from  our  Re- 
venge, which  he  knows  he  hathfo  well  deferved. 

Laftly,  he  knows  our  Principles,  how  diredly  contrary  they 
are  to  that  Arbitrary  Power  he  muft  govern  by,  and  therefore  he 
may  reafonably  fufped:,  that  we  that  have  already  ventured 
our  Lives  againft  Tyranny,  will  always  have  the  Will,  when 
we  have  the  Opportunity,  to  do  the  fame  again. 

Thefe  Confiderations  will  eafily  perfwade  him  to  fecure  him- 
felf of  us,  if  we  prevent  him  not,  and  fecure  our  felves  of  him. 
He  reads  in  his  Practice  of  Piety,  chi  ilviene  Patron^  Zee.  He  Ma,-!:.^- 
that  makes  himfelf  Mafter  of  a  City,  that  has  been  accuftom- 
ed  to  Liberty,  if  he  deftroys  it  not,  he  muft  expett  to  be  de- 
ftroyed  by  it.  And  we  may  read  too  in  the  fame  Author,  and 
believe  him,  that  thofe  that  are  the  occalion  that  one  becomes  il>i^-  «  i  i 
powerful,  always  mines  them,  if  they  want  the  Wit  and  Cou- 
rage to  fecure  themfelves. 

Now  as  to  our  Intereft,  we  muft  never  expeft  that  he  will 
ever  truft  thofe  that  he  has  provoked  and  fears  ;  he  will  befure 
to  keep  us  down,  left  we  fhould  pluck  down  him.  'Tis  the  rule' 
that  Tyrants  obferve,  when  they  are  in  Power,  never  to  make 
much  ufe  of  thofe  that  helped  them  to  it  ^  and  indeed  'tis 
their  Intereft  and  Security  not  to  do  it  t  for  thofe  that  have  been 
the  Authors  of  their  Greatnefs,  being  confcious  of  their  own 
merit,  they  are  bold  with  the  Tyrant,  and  lefs  induftrious  to 
pleafe  him  :  they  think  all  he  can  do  for  them  is  their  due,  and 
ftill  they  expedt  more  v  and  when  they  fail  in  their  Expecta- 
tions, (as  'tis  impoihble  to  fatisfy  them)  their  Difappointments  I 
make  them  difcontented,  and  their  Difcontents  dangerous.  "  f 
Therefor^all  Tyrants  follow  the  Example  of  Dmtyjius,  who  was.  | 
faid  to  uWhis  Friends  as  he  did  his  Bottles,  When  he  had  ufe  i 
for  them  he  kept  them  by  him  ^  when  he  had  none,  that  i 
they  ftiould  not  trouble  him  and  lie  in  his  way,  he  hung  them  up,              * 

But  to  conclude  this  already  over-long  Paper,  -Let  every  Man 
t«  wVimm  dn^  Vi^th  given  the  Spirit  ofWifdom  and  Conrnae.  be      v 

I 


4ni  what 


(26) 

perfwaded  by  his  Honor,  his  Safety,  his  own  Good  and  his  Coun- 
try's, and  indeed  the  Duty  he  owes  to  his  Generation,  and  to 
Mankind,  to  endeavour  by  all  rational  means  to  free  the  World 
of  this  Peft.  Let  not  other  Nations  have  the  occafion  to  think 
fo  meanly  of  us,  as  if  we  refolved  to  lit  ftill  and  have  our  Ears 
bored,  or  that  any  Difcouragements  or  Difappointments  can  e- 
ver  make  us  defift  from  attempting  our  Liberty,  till  we  have 
purchafed  it,  either  by  this  Monfter's  Death' or  by  our  own. 
(3ur  Nation  is  not  yet  fo  barren  of  Virtue,  that  we  want  no- 
ble Examples  to  follow  amongft  out  felves.  The  brave  Sinder- 
combe  hath  {hewed  as  great  a  Mind  as  any  old  Rome  could  boaft 
of-,  and  had  he  lived  there,  his  Name  had  been  regifter'd  with 
Bmtus  and  Cato,  and  he  had  had  his  Statues  as  well  as  they. 

But  I  will  not  have  fo  finifter  an  Opinion  of  ourfelves  (^as 
little  Generoiity  as  Slavery  hath  left  us)  as  to  think  fo  great  a 
Virtue  can  want  its  Monuments  even  amongft  us.  Certainly, 
in  every  vertuous  Mind,  there  are  Statues  rear'd  to  Sindercombe, 
"Whenever  we  read  the  Elogies  of  thofe  that  have  died  for  their 
Country  j  when  we  admire  thofe  great  Examples  of  Magnani- 
mity, that  have  tired  Tyrants  Cruelties  ^  when  we  extol  their 
Conftancy,  whom  neither  Bribe  nor  Terrors  could  make  betray 
their  Friends  •,  'tis  then  we  ereft  Sindercombe  Statues,  and  grave 
him  Monuments^  where  all  that  can  be  faid  of  a  great  and 
noble  Mind,  we  juftly  make  an  Epitaph  for  him :  and  though 
the  Tyrant  caufed  him  to  be  fmothered,  left  the  People  fhould 
hinder  an  open  Murder,  yet  he  will  never  be  able  either  tofmo- 
ther  his  Memory,  or  his  own  Villany.  His  Poifon  was  but  a 
poor  and  common  Device  to  impofe  only  on  thofe  that  under- 
ftood  not  Tyrants  Praftices,  and  are  unacquainted, ( if  any^  be  ) 
with  his  Cruelties  and  Falfhoods.  He  may  therefore,  if  he 
pleafe,  take  away  the  Stake  from  SMer combe' sGtSive,  and  if  he 
have  a  mind  it  (hould  be  known  how  he  died,  let  him  fend 
thither  the  Pillows  and  Feather-beds  with  which  Barhjiead  and 
his  Hangman  fmothered  him.  But  to  conclude.  Let  not  this 
Monfter  think  himfelf  the  more  fecure  that  he  has  fuppreft  one 
great  Spirit,  '  he  maybe  confident  that  Loytguspoji  il^fequltur 


*y  Cicii  ani  qj.^q  idem  vetetitium  deem. 


'*Lr  TrM-  There  is  a  great  Roll  behind,  even  of  thofe  that  are  in  his 
rry"niier'  owu  Mufter-RoUs,  and  are  ambitious  of  the  name  of  the  Deli- 
y  ?  verers  of  their  Country  *,  and  they  know  what  the  Aftion  is 

that 


(27) 
that  will  purchafe  it.   His  Bed,  his  Table,  is  notfecure,  and  he 
ftandsin  need  of  other  Guards  to  defend  him  againfl:  his  own. 
Death  and  Deftru6ion  perfues  him  wherever  he  goes-,  they 
follow  him  every  where,  like  his  Fellow-travellers,  and  zt  laft 
they  will  come  upon  him  like  armed  Men.     Darknefs  is  h'd  in    7oh  20. 
his  fecret  places  •,  a  Fire  not  blown  {hall  confume  him  •,  it  laall  Whitehall 
go  ill  with  him  that  is  left  in  his  Tabernacle.    He  fhall  fee  Hampton-*''  I 
from  the  Iron  Weapon,  and  a  Bow  of  Steel  fhall  ftrike  hi-n  Court,  ^c. 
through.    Becaufe  he  hath  opprefTed,  and  forfaken  the  Poor, 
bccaufe  he  hath  violently  taken  away  a  Houfe  which  he  buildea    v,  5.        i 
not^  we  may  be  confident,   andfo  may  he,  erelong  all  this 
will  be  accomplifh'd  ^  for  the  Triumphing  of  the  Wicked  I 

is  but  (hort,  and  the  Joy  of  the  Hypocrite  but  for  a  moment.  I 

Though  his  Excellency  *"  mount  up  to  the  Heavens,  and  his ""  /e  batb     \ 
Head  reacheth  unto  the  Clouds,  yet  he  Ihall  perifh  for  ever  ^J.'!"' '^/*  »*«  I 
like  his  own  Dung.     They  that  have  feen   him  {hall  fay,  High?  r 
Where  is  He>  anLl%art 

b  leave  kat-    > 


POSTSCRIPT. 


for  King. 


CcurteoUi  Reader, 

EXpeft  another  Sheet  or  two  of  Paper  on  this  Subjeft,  if  I 
efcape  the  Tyrant's  hands,  although  he  gets  ( in  the  in- 
terim j  the  Crewn  upon  his  Head,  which  he  hath  f  under- 
hand )  put  his  Confederates  on  to  petition  his  acceptance 
thereoE 


FINIS. 


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